Although there is, materialistically speaking, no prima materia at the root of everything that exists, yet nothing that exists could be discerned were there no discerning psyche. Only by virtue of psychic existence do we have any "being" at all. Consciousness grasps only a fraction of its own nature, because it is the product of a preconscious psychic life which made the development of consciousness possible in the first place. Consciousness always succumbs to the delusion that it developed out of itself, but scientific knowledge is well aware that all consciousness rests on unconscious premises, in other words on a sort of unknown prima materia; and of this the alchemists said everything that we could possibly say about the unconscious.
— Carl Gustav Jung
Jung is catching consciousness in a specific act of self-flattery: the assumption that it arrived at itself. Every ego, once established, retroactively narrates its own emergence as though it were the author rather than the product. This is not a minor cognitive error — it is structurally prior to most of what we call spiritual seeking. The soul that asks "how do I become more conscious?" is already operating from the very delusion Jung names here: that consciousness is the ground to which greater consciousness is the answer, that ascent produces what was never lost.
What stops the delusion is not more reflection but the encounter with what precedes reflection — what the alchemists called *prima materia* and handled with sulfur, salt, dung, rot, the materials no pneumatic framework finds dignified. The alchemists worked with what was already there before theory arrived. That prior darkness is not a problem to be solved by achieving clarity; it is the condition under which any clarity becomes possible at all. Jung reads the alchemical corpus not as a failed chemistry but as the most honest European psychology before Freud: a sustained attention to the preconscious ground that consciousness perpetually disowns. The unconscious, in this frame, is not beneath the psyche. It is what the psyche is made of.
Carl Gustav Jung·Psychology and Alchemy·1944