Seba.Health
cosmic

μοῖρα

moira

Fate, portion, lot — what is allotted and cannot be escaped

Etymology

From meiromai ("to receive one's portion"). Moira is not destiny in the deterministic sense — it is the portion allotted to each life. Even Zeus hesitates to violate moira (Il. 16.433-438). The Fates "placed an enduring thumos in humans" (Il. 24.49) — endurance itself is part of the mortal allotment.

Why moira matters

The Homeric moira is not fate as destiny shaped from without but portion — one's share of life, honor, and death, as real and bounded as a field divided among heirs. Hugh Lloyd-Jones, in The Justice of Zeus, traces how this allocative sense grounds Greek moral cosmology: even Zeus hesitates before the scales at Iliad 16.433-438, not because some higher god constrains him but because moira is the structure of things, and to violate it would be to unmake the order he himself upholds. Bruno Snell's account in The Discovery of the Mind of Homeric psychology as distributed and impersonal makes moira intelligible: where there is no unified self to author a life, the portion-concept fills the gap. James Hillman's acorn theory in The Soul's Code is the depth-psychological descendant, restating in psychological terms what moira names as cosmic allotment.

moira in the corpus

148 instances
144 passages
56% in direct speech

Which characters in Homer use moira most?

Related terms

Distribution by work

The Odyssey
33
The Iliad
27
Republic
21
Timaeus
9
Theogony
8
Discourses
8
Rhetoric
7
Meditations
7
Pythian Odes
4
Phaedo
4
Phaedrus
4
Works and Days
2
Olympian Odes
2
Isthmian Odes
2
Nicomachean Ethics
2
Hymn to Aphrodite
1
Nemean Odes
1
Symposium
1
Apology
1

Key passages

Showing 30 of 144 passages containing μοῖρα.

The Iliad 1.286–291 Agamemnon

ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε πάντα γέρον κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες· ἀλλʼ ὅδʼ ἀνὴρ ἐθέλει περὶ πάντων ἔμμεναι ἄλλων, πάντων μὲν κρατέειν ἐθέλει, πάντεσσι δʼ ἀνάσσειν, πᾶσι δὲ σημαίνειν, ἅ τινʼ οὐ πείσεσθαι ὀΐω· εἰ δέ μιν ...

do they therefore license him1 to keep uttering insults?

The Iliad 3.97–110 Menelaus

κέκλυτε νῦν καὶ ἐμεῖο· μάλιστα γὰρ ἄλγος ἱκάνει θυμὸν ἐμόν, φρονέω δὲ διακρινθήμεναι ἤδη Ἀργείους καὶ Τρῶας, ἐπεὶ κακὰ πολλὰ πέπασθε εἵνεκʼ ἐμῆς ἔριδος καὶ Ἀλεξάνδρου ἕνεκʼ ἀρχῆς· ἡμέων δʼ ὁπποτέρῳ θά...

because of my quarrel and Alexander's beginning thereof.1 And for whichsoever of us twain death and fate are appointed, let him lie dead; but be ye others parted with all speed. Bring ye two lambs, a...

The Iliad 4.514–528

ὣς φάτʼ ἀπὸ πτόλιος δεινὸς θεός· αὐτὰρ Ἀχαιοὺς ὦρσε Διὸς θυγάτηρ κυδίστη Τριτογένεια ἐρχομένη καθʼ ὅμιλον, ὅθι μεθιέντας ἴδοιτο. ἔνθʼ Ἀμαρυγκείδην Διώρεα μοῖρα πέδησε· χερμαδίῳ γὰρ βλῆτο παρὰ σφυρὸν ὀ...

were urged on by the daughter of Zeus, most glorious Tritogeneia, who fared throughout the throng wheresoever she saw them giving ground. even Peiros, son of Imbrasus, that had come from Aenus. The s...

The Iliad 5.607–621

ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφη, Τρῶες δὲ μάλα σχεδὸν ἤλυθον αὐτῶν. ἔνθʼ Ἕκτωρ δύο φῶτε κατέκτανεν εἰδότε χάρμης εἰν ἑνὶ δίφρῳ ἐόντε, Μενέσθην Ἀγχίαλόν τε. τὼ δὲ πεσόντʼ ἐλέησε μέγας Τελαμώνιος Αἴας· στῆ δὲ μάλʼ ἐγγὺς ἰών...

And as they fell great Telamonian Aias had pity of them, and came and stood close at hand, and with a cast of his shining spear smote Amphius, son of Selagus, that dwelt in Paesus, a man rich in subst...

The Iliad 6.486–493 Hector

δαιμονίη μή μοί τι λίην ἀκαχίζεο θυμῷ· οὐ γάρ τίς μʼ ὑπὲρ αἶσαν ἀνὴρ Ἄϊδι προϊάψει· μοῖραν δʼ οὔ τινά φημι πεφυγμένον ἔμμεναι ἀνδρῶν, οὐ κακὸν οὐδὲ μὲν ἐσθλόν, ἐπὴν τὰ πρῶτα γένηται. ἀλλʼ εἰς οἶκον ἰο...

Nay, go thou to the house and busy thyself with thine own tasks, the loom and the distaff, and bid thy handmaids ply their work: but war shall be for men, for all, but most of all for me, of them that...

The Iliad 7.47–53 Helenus

Ἕκτορ υἱὲ Πριάμοιο Διὶ μῆτιν ἀτάλαντε ἦ ῥά νύ μοί τι πίθοιο, κασίγνητος δέ τοί εἰμι· ἄλλους μὲν κάθισον Τρῶας καὶ πάντας Ἀχαιούς, αὐτὸς δὲ προκάλεσσαι Ἀχαιῶν ὅς τις ἄριστος ἀντίβιον μαχέσασθαι ἐν αἰνῇ...

and do thou challenge whoso is best of the Achaeans to do battle with thee man to man in dread combat. Not yet is it thy fate to die and meet thy doom; for thus have I heard the voice of the gods tha...

The Iliad 8.146–150 Diomedes

ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε πάντα γέρον κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες· ἀλλὰ τόδʼ αἰνὸν ἄχος κραδίην καὶ θυμὸν ἱκάνει· Ἕκτωρ γάρ ποτε φήσει ἐνὶ Τρώεσσʼ ἀγορεύων· Τυδεΐδης ὑπʼ ἐμεῖο φοβεύμενος ἵκετο νῆας. ὥς ποτʼ ἀπειλήσει· τ...

So shall he some day boast—on that day let the wide earth gape for me.

The Iliad 9.308–429 Achilles

διογενὲς Λαερτιάδη πολυμήχανʼ Ὀδυσσεῦ χρὴ μὲν δὴ τὸν μῦθον ἀπηλεγέως ἀποειπεῖν, ᾗ περ δὴ φρονέω τε καὶ ὡς τετελεσμένον ἔσται, ὡς μή μοι τρύζητε παρήμενοι ἄλλοθεν ἄλλος. ἐχθρὸς γάρ μοι κεῖνος ὁμῶς Ἀΐδα...

and as it shall be brought to pass, that ye sit not by me here on this side and on that and prate endlessly. For hateful in my eyes, even as the gates of Hades, is that man that hideth one thing in h...

The Iliad 10.169–176 Nestor

ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε πάντα φίλος κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες. εἰσὶν μέν μοι παῖδες ἀμύμονες, εἰσὶ δὲ λαοὶ καὶ πολέες, τῶν κέν τις ἐποιχόμενος καλέσειεν· ἀλλὰ μάλα μεγάλη χρειὼ βεβίηκεν Ἀχαιούς. νῦν γὰρ δὴ πάντεσσιν...

Peerless sons have I, and folk there be full many, of whom any one might go and call others. But in good sooth great need hath overmastered the Achaeans, for now to all it standeth on a razor's edge,...

The Iliad 12.110–124

ἀλλʼ οὐχ Ὑρτακίδης ἔθελʼ Ἄσιος ὄρχαμος ἀνδρῶν αὖθι λιπεῖν ἵππους τε καὶ ἡνίοχον θεράποντα, ἀλλὰ σὺν αὐτοῖσιν πέλασεν νήεσσι θοῇσι νήπιος, οὐδʼ ἄρʼ ἔμελλε κακὰς ὑπὸ κῆρας ἀλύξας ἵπποισιν καὶ ὄχεσφιν ἀγ...

but Asius, son of Hyrtacus, leader of men, was not minded to leave there his horses and his squire the charioteer, but chariot and all he drew nigh to the swift ships, fool that he was! for he was no...

The Iliad 13.592–606

πολλὸν ἀποπλαγχθεὶς ἑκὰς ἔπτατο πικρὸς ὀϊστός. Ἀτρεΐδης δʼ ἄρα χεῖρα βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Μενέλαος τὴν βάλεν ᾗ ῥʼ ἔχε τόξον ἐΰξοον· ἐν δʼ ἄρα τόξῳ ἀντικρὺ διὰ χειρὸς ἐλήλατο χάλκεον ἔγχος. ἂψ δʼ ἑτάρων εἰς ἔθν...

clean through the hand was driven the spear of bronze. Then back he shrank into the throng of his comrades, avoiding fate, letting his hand hang down by his side; and the ashen spear trailed after him...

The Iliad 15.206–217 Poseidon

Ἶρι θεὰ μάλα τοῦτο ἔπος κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες· ἐσθλὸν καὶ τὸ τέτυκται ὅτʼ ἄγγελος αἴσιμα εἰδῇ. ἀλλὰ τόδʼ αἰνὸν ἄχος κραδίην καὶ θυμὸν ἱκάνει ὁππότʼ ἂν ἰσόμορον καὶ ὁμῇ πεπρωμένον αἴσῃ νεικείειν ἐθέλῃσι χ...

one of like portion with himself, to whom fate hath decreed an equal share. Howbeit for this present will I yield, despite mine indignation; yet another thing will I tell thee, and make this threat in...

The Iliad 16.844–854 Patroclus

ἤδη νῦν Ἕκτορ μεγάλʼ εὔχεο· σοὶ γὰρ ἔδωκε νίκην Ζεὺς Κρονίδης καὶ Ἀπόλλων, οἵ με δάμασσαν ῥηιδίως· αὐτοὶ γὰρ ἀπʼ ὤμων τεύχεʼ ἕλοντο. τοιοῦτοι δʼ εἴ πέρ μοι ἐείκοσιν ἀντεβόλησαν, πάντές κʼ αὐτόθʼ ὄλοντ...

Zeus, the son of Cronos, and Apollo, vouchsafed victory, they that subdued me full easily, for of themselves they took the harness from my shoulders. But if twenty such as thou had faced me, here woul...

The Iliad 17.421–422 Trojan.3

ὦ φίλοι, εἰ καὶ μοῖρα παρʼ ἀνέρι τῷδε δαμῆναι πάντας ὁμῶς, μή πώ τις ἐρωείτω πολέμοιο.

The Iliad 17.475–480 Automedon

Ἀλκίμεδον τίς γάρ τοι Ἀχαιῶν ἄλλος ὁμοῖος ἵππων ἀθανάτων ἐχέμεν δμῆσίν τε μένος τε, εἰ μὴ Πάτροκλος θεόφιν μήστωρ ἀτάλαντος ζωὸς ἐών; νῦν αὖ θάνατος καὶ μοῖρα κιχάνει. ἀλλὰ σὺ μὲν μάστιγα καὶ ἡνία σιγ...

Alcimedon, what man beside of the Achaeans is of like worth to curb and guide the spirit of immortal steeds, save only Patroclus, the peer of the gods in counsel, while yet he lived? But now death and...

The Iliad 17.669–672 Menelaus

Αἴαντʼ Ἀργείων ἡγήτορε Μηριόνη τε νῦν τις ἐνηείης Πατροκλῆος δειλοῖο μνησάσθω· πᾶσιν γὰρ ἐπίστατο μείλιχος εἶναι ζωὸς ἐών· νῦν αὖ θάνατος καὶ μοῖρα κιχάνει.

now let each man remember the kindliness of hapless Patroclus; for to all was he ever gentle while yet he lived, but now death and fate have come upon him.

The Iliad 18.98–126 Achilles

αὐτίκα τεθναίην, ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἄρʼ ἔμελλον ἑταίρῳ κτεινομένῳ ἐπαμῦναι· ὃ μὲν μάλα τηλόθι πάτρης ἔφθιτʼ, ἐμεῖο δὲ δῆσεν ἀρῆς ἀλκτῆρα γενέσθαι. νῦν δʼ ἐπεὶ οὐ νέομαί γε φίλην ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν, οὐδέ τι Πατρόκ...

hath he fallen, and had need of me to be a warder off of ruin. Now therefore, seeing I return not to my dear native land, neither proved anywise a light of deliverance to Patroclus nor to my other com...

The Iliad 19.185–197 Agamemnon

χαίρω σεῦ Λαερτιάδη τὸν μῦθον ἀκούσας· ἐν μοίρῃ γὰρ πάντα διίκεο καὶ κατέλεξας. ταῦτα δʼ ἐγὼν ἐθέλω ὀμόσαι, κέλεται δέ με θυμός, οὐδʼ ἐπιορκήσω πρὸς δαίμονος. αὐτὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς μιμνέτω αὐτόθι τεῖος ἐπειγ...

Glad am I, son of Laertes, to hear thy words, for duly hast thou set forth the whole matter, an told the tale thereof. This oath am I ready to swear, and my heart biddeth me thereto, nor shall I forsw...

The Iliad 21.99–113 Achilles

νήπιε μή μοι ἄποινα πιφαύσκεο μηδʼ ἀγόρευε· πρὶν μὲν γὰρ Πάτροκλον ἐπισπεῖν αἴσιμον ἦμαρ τόφρά τί μοι πεφιδέσθαι ἐνὶ φρεσὶ φίλτερον ἦεν Τρώων, καὶ πολλοὺς ζωοὺς ἕλον ἠδʼ ἐπέρασσα· νῦν δʼ οὐκ ἔσθʼ ὅς τ...

Until Patroclus met his day of fate, even till then was it more pleasing to me to spare the Trojans, and full many I took alive and sold oversea; but now is there not one that shall escape death, whom...

The Iliad 22.1–7

ὣς οἳ μὲν κατὰ ἄστυ πεφυζότες ἠΰτε νεβροὶ ἱδρῶ ἀπεψύχοντο πίον τʼ ἀκέοντό τε δίψαν κεκλιμένοι καλῇσιν ἐπάλξεσιν· αὐτὰρ Ἀχαιοὶ τείχεος ἆσσον ἴσαν σάκεʼ ὤμοισι κλίναντες. Ἕκτορα δʼ αὐτοῦ μεῖναι ὀλοιὴ μο...

So they throughout the city, huddled in rout like fawns, were cooling their sweat and drinking and quenching their thirst, as they rested on the fair battlements; while the Achaeans drew near the wall...

The Iliad 22.297–305 Hector

ὢ πόποι ἦ μάλα δή με θεοὶ θάνατόνδε κάλεσσαν· Δηΐφοβον γὰρ ἔγωγʼ ἐφάμην ἥρωα παρεῖναι· ἀλλʼ ὃ μὲν ἐν τείχει, ἐμὲ δʼ ἐξαπάτησεν Ἀθήνη. νῦν δὲ δὴ ἐγγύθι μοι θάνατος κακός, οὐδʼ ἔτʼ ἄνευθεν, οὐδʼ ἀλέη· ἦ...

Now of a surety is evil death nigh at hand, and no more afar from me, neither is there way of escape. So I ween from of old was the good pleasure of Zeus, and of the son of Zeus, the god that smiteth ...

The Iliad 22.431–436 Hecuba

τέκνον ἐγὼ δειλή· τί νυ βείομαι αἰνὰ παθοῦσα σεῦ ἀποτεθνηῶτος; ὅ μοι νύκτάς τε καὶ ἦμαρ εὐχωλὴ κατὰ ἄστυ πελέσκεο, πᾶσί τʼ ὄνειαρ Τρωσί τε καὶ Τρῳῇσι κατὰ πτόλιν, οἵ σε θεὸν ὣς δειδέχατʼ· ἦ γὰρ καί σφ...

for verily thou wast to them a glory exceeding great, while yet thou livedst; but now death and fate are come upon thee.

The Iliad 23.69–92 Ghost Of Patroclus

εὕδεις, αὐτὰρ ἐμεῖο λελασμένος ἔπλευ Ἀχιλλεῦ. οὐ μέν μευ ζώοντος ἀκήδεις, ἀλλὰ θανόντος· θάπτέ με ὅττι τάχιστα πύλας Ἀΐδαο περήσω. τῆλέ με εἴργουσι ψυχαὶ εἴδωλα καμόντων, οὐδέ μέ πω μίσγεσθαι ὑπὲρ ποτ...

Not in my life wast thou unmindful of me, but now in my death! Bury me with all speed, that I pass within the gates of Hades. Afar do the spirits keep me aloof, the phantoms of men that have done with...

The Iliad 23.626–650 Nestor

ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε πάντα τέκος κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες· οὐ γὰρ ἔτʼ ἔμπεδα γυῖα φίλος πόδες, οὐδέ τι χεῖρες ὤμων ἀμφοτέρωθεν ἐπαΐσσονται ἐλαφραί. εἴθʼ ὣς ἡβώοιμι βίη τέ μοι ἔμπεδος εἴη ὡς ὁπότε κρείοντʼ Ἀμαρυγ...

as on the day when the Epeians were burying lord Amarynceus at Buprasium, and his sons appointed prizes in honour of the king. Then was there no man that proved himself my peer, neither of the Epeians...

The Iliad 24.33–54 Apollo

σχέτλιοί ἐστε θεοί, δηλήμονες· οὔ νύ ποθʼ ὑμῖν Ἕκτωρ μηρίʼ ἔκηε βοῶν αἰγῶν τε τελείων; τὸν νῦν οὐκ ἔτλητε νέκυν περ ἐόντα σαῶσαι ᾗ τʼ ἀλόχῳ ἰδέειν καὶ μητέρι καὶ τέκεϊ ᾧ καὶ πατέρι Πριάμῳ λαοῖσί τε, τ...

Him now have ye not the heart to save, a corpse though he be, for his wife to look upon and his mother and his child, and his father Priam and his people, who would forthwith burn him in the fire and ...

The Iliad 24.201–216 Hecuba

ὤ μοι πῇ δή τοι φρένες οἴχονθʼ, ᾗς τὸ πάρος περ ἔκλεʼ ἐπʼ ἀνθρώπους ξείνους ἠδʼ οἷσιν ἀνάσσεις; πῶς ἐθέλεις ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν ἐλθέμεν οἶος ἀνδρὸς ἐς ὀφθαλμοὺς ὅς τοι πολέας τε καὶ ἐσθλοὺς υἱέας ἐξενάριξ...

hath slain thy sons, many and valiant? Of iron verily is thy heart. For if so be he get thee in his power and his eyes behold thee, so savage and faithless is the man, he will neither pity thee nor an...

The Iliad 24.379–385 Hermes-young Man

ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε πάντα γέρον κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες. ἀλλʼ ἄγε μοι τόδε εἰπὲ καὶ ἀτρεκέως κατάλεξον, ἠέ πῃ ἐκπέμπεις κειμήλια πολλὰ καὶ ἐσθλὰ ἄνδρας ἐς ἀλλοδαποὺς ἵνα περ τάδε τοι σόα μίμνῃ, ἦ ἤδη πάντες κα...

But come, tell me this, and declare it truly, whether thou art bearing forth these many treasures and goodly unto some foreign folk, where they may abide for thee in safety, or whether by now ye are a...

The Odyssey 2.243–256 Leocritus

Μέντορ ἀταρτηρέ, φρένας ἠλεέ, ποῖον ἔειπες ἡμέας ὀτρύνων καταπαυέμεν. ἀργαλέον δὲ ἀνδράσι καὶ πλεόνεσσι μαχήσασθαι περὶ δαιτί. εἴ περ γάρ κʼ Ὀδυσεὺς Ἰθακήσιος αὐτὸς ἐπελθὼν δαινυμένους κατὰ δῶμα ἑὸν μ...

to fight about a feast with men that moreover outnumber you. For if Ithacan Odysseus himself were to come and be eager at heart to drive out from his hall the lordly wooers who are feasting in his hou...

The Odyssey 3.29–42

ὣς ἄρα φωνήσασʼ ἡγήσατο Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη καρπαλίμως· ὁ δʼ ἔπειτα μετʼ ἴχνια βαῖνε θεοῖο. ἷξον δʼ ἐς Πυλίων ἀνδρῶν ἄγυρίν τε καὶ ἕδρας, ἔνθʼ ἄρα Νέστωρ ἧστο σὺν υἱάσιν, ἀμφὶ δʼ ἑταῖροι δαῖτʼ ἐντυνόμενοι κρ...

quickly; but he followed in the footsteps of the goddess; and they came to the gathering and the companies of the men of Pylos. There Nestor sat with his sons, and round about his people, making ready...

The Odyssey 3.254–328 Nestor

τοιγὰρ ἐγώ τοι, τέκνον, ἀληθέα πάντʼ ἀγορεύσω. ἦ τοι μὲν τάδε καὐτὸς ὀίεαι, ὥς κεν ἐτύχθη, εἰ ζωόν γʼ Αἴγισθον ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἔτετμεν Ἀτρεΐδης Τροίηθεν ἰών, ξανθὸς Μενέλαος· τῶ κέ οἱ οὐδὲ θανόντι χυτὴ...

Lo, of thine own self thou dost guess how this matter would have fallen out, if the son of Atreus, fair-haired Menelaus, on his return from Troy had found Aegisthus in his halls alive. Then for him no...

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Explore moira in the texts

144 passages across Homer, Hesiod, Pindar, and the New Testament contain moira.

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