Tetramorph

the Monogenes is thought of as standing upon a τετράπεζα, a platform supported by four pillars, corresponding to the Christian quaternarium of the Evangelists, or to the Tetramorph, the symbolic steed of the Church, composed of the symbols of the four evangelists: the angel, eagle, ox or calf, and lion.

Jung's definitive expository statement on the Tetramorph, identifying it as the Church's fourfold symbolic vehicle and linking it directly to the Gnostic quaternarium and the Anthropos standing on four pillars.

Jung, Carl Gustav, Psychology and Religion: West and East, 1958thesis

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Tetramorph (Anthropos symbol) standing on two wheels, symbols of the Old and New Testaments.—Mosaic, Vatopedi Monastery, Mt. Athos (1213)

Jung captions a concrete iconographic instance of the Tetramorph as an Anthropos symbol, grounding the concept in Byzantine monumental art and linking it to the typological relation between the two Testaments.

Jung, Carl Gustav, Psychology and Alchemy, 1944thesis

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the quaternity is entirely absent from the dogma, though it appears in early ecclesiastical symbolism. I refer to the cross with equal arms enclosed in the circle, the triumphant Christ with the four evangelists, the tetramorph, and so on.

Jung argues that the Tetramorph preserves the quaternity which official Trinitarian dogma suppresses, making it evidence of an unconscious compensatory movement toward fourfold wholeness within Christianity.

Jung, Carl Gustav, Psychology and Religion: West and East, 1958thesis

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The 'four' in Christian iconography appears chiefly in the form of the four evangelists and their symbols, arranged in a rose, circle, or melothesia, or as a tetramorph, as for instance in the Hortus deliciarum of Herrad of Landsberg and in works of mystical speculation.

Jung situates the Tetramorph within a broader catalogue of quaternary Christian iconography, citing specific medieval sources to demonstrate the historical persistence of the fourfold pattern.

Jung, Carl Gustav, Psychology and Religion: West and East, 1958supporting

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Only the special treatment of the lion in any way recalls the human quarter of the tetramorph. All four of them are beasts of prey or, in psychological terms, functions that have succumbed to desire, lost their angelic character, and become daemonic in the worst sense.

Jung uses the Tetramorph as a normative standard against which Daniel's four beasts are measured, interpreting the latter as a negative, daemonized inversion of the quaternary wholeness the Tetramorph represents.

Jung, Carl Gustav, Alchemical Studies, 1967supporting

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and tetramorph, 400n; see also Adam; Christ; filius philosophorum; king; man, primordial; Mercurius

The index entry in Mysterium Coniunctionis clusters the Tetramorph with the Anthropos, Adam, Christ, and the filius philosophorum, confirming its systematic placement within Jung's network of wholeness symbols.

Jung, Carl Gustav, Mysterium Coniunctionis: An Inquiry into the Separation and Synthesis of Psychic Opposites in Alchemy, 1955supporting

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Tetramorph, 37n, 57, 73, 430

The index citation in Psychology and Religion maps the distribution of Tetramorph references across the volume, indicating its repeated appearance in discussions of the quaternity, the Trinity, and comparative symbolism.

Jung, Carl Gustav, Psychology and Religion: West and East, 1958aside

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