Seba.Health

Poseidon-calchas

Mortal · 2 speeches

Psychological Vocabulary

All Speeches (2)

Lines 47–58
of the Trojans that have climbed over the great wall in their multitude, for the well-greaved Achaeans will hold back all; nay it is here that I have wondrous dread lest some evil befall us, here where yon madman is leading on like a flame of fire, even Hector, that boasts him to be a son of mighty Zeus. But in the hearts of you twain may some god put it, here to stand firm yourselves, and to bid others do the like; so might ye drive him back from the swift-faring ships, despite his eagerness, aye, even though the Olympian himself be urging him on.
Αἴαντε σφὼ μέν τε σαώσετε λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν ἀλκῆς μνησαμένω, μὴ δὲ κρυεροῖο φόβοιο. ἄλλῃ μὲν γὰρ ἔγωγʼ οὐ δείδια χεῖρας ἀάπτους Τρώων, οἳ μέγα τεῖχος ὑπερκατέβησαν ὁμίλῳ· ἕξουσιν γὰρ πάντας ἐϋκνήμιδες Ἀχαιοί· τῇ δὲ δὴ αἰνότατον περιδείδια μή τι πάθωμεν, ῥʼ γʼ λυσσώδης φλογὶ εἴκελος ἡγεμονεύει Ἕκτωρ, ὃς Διὸς εὔχετʼ ἐρισθενέος πάϊς εἶναι. σφῶϊν δʼ ὧδε θεῶν τις ἐνὶ φρεσὶ ποιήσειεν αὐτώ θʼ ἑστάμεναι κρατερῶς καὶ ἀνωγέμεν ἄλλους· τώ κε καὶ ἐσσύμενόν περ ἐρωήσαιτʼ ἀπὸ νηῶν ὠκυπόρων, εἰ καί μιν Ὀλύμπιος αὐτὸς ἐγείρει.
Lattimore commentary
Although the audience has not heard Hektor make this boast, his actions and words from book 7 onward could lead one to interpret his behavior as hubristic in this way.
Lines 95–124
Shame, ye Argives, mere striplings! It was in your fighting that I trusted for the saving of our ships; but if ye are to flinch from grievous war, then of a surety hath the day now dawned for us to be vanquished beneath the Trojans. Out upon it! Verily a great marvel is this that mine eyes behold,a dread thing that I deemed should never be brought to pass: the Trojans are making way against our ships, they that heretofore were like panic-stricken hinds that in the woodland become the prey of jackals and pards and wolves, as they wander vainly in their cowardice, nor is there any fight in them.Even so the Trojans aforetime had never the heart to abide and face the might and the hands of the Achaeans, no not for a moment. But lo, now far from the city they are fighting at the hollow ships because of the baseness of our leader and the slackness of the folk, that, being at strife with him, have no heart to defendthe swift-faring ships, but are slain in the midst of them. But if in very truth the warrior son of Atreus, wide-ruling Agamemnon, is the cause of all, for that he wrought dishonour on the swift-footed son of Peleus, yet may we in no wise prove slack in war.Nay, let us atone for the fault with speed: the hearts of good men admit of atonement.11.1 But it is no longer well that ye are slack in furious valour, all ye that are the best men in the host. Myself I would not quarrel with one that was slack in war, so he were but a sorry wight, but with you I am exceeding wroth at heart.Ye weaklings, soon ye shall cause yet greater evil by this slackness. Nay, take in your hearts, each man of you, shame and indignation; for in good sooth mighty is the conflict that has arisen. Hector, good at the war-cry, is fighting at the ships, strong in his might, and hath broken the gates and the long bar. a dread thing that I deemed should never be brought to pass: the Trojans are making way against our ships, they that heretofore were like panic-stricken hinds that in the woodland become the prey of jackals and pards and wolves, as they wander vainly in their cowardice, nor is there any fight in them. Even so the Trojans aforetime had never the heart to abide and face the might and the hands of the Achaeans, no not for a moment. But lo, now far from the city they are fighting at the hollow ships because of the baseness of our leader and the slackness of the folk, that, being at strife with him, have no heart to defend the swift-faring ships, but are slain in the midst of them. But if in very truth the warrior son of Atreus, wide-ruling Agamemnon, is the cause of all, for that he wrought dishonour on the swift-footed son of Peleus, yet may we in no wise prove slack in war. Nay, let us atone for the fault with speed: the hearts of good men admit of atonement.11.1 But it is no longer well that ye are slack in furious valour, all ye that are the best men in the host. Myself I would not quarrel with one that was slack in war, so he were but a sorry wight, but with you I am exceeding wroth at heart. Ye weaklings, soon ye shall cause yet greater evil by this slackness. Nay, take in your hearts, each man of you, shame and indignation; for in good sooth mighty is the conflict that has arisen. Hector, good at the war-cry, is fighting at the ships, strong in his might, and hath broken the gates and the long bar.
αἰδὼς Ἀργεῖοι, κοῦροι νέοι· ὔμμιν ἔγωγε μαρναμένοισι πέποιθα σαωσέμεναι νέας ἁμάς· εἰ δʼ ὑμεῖς πολέμοιο μεθήσετε λευγαλέοιο, νῦν δὴ εἴδεται ἦμαρ ὑπὸ Τρώεσσι δαμῆναι. πόποι μέγα θαῦμα τόδʼ ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρῶμαι δεινόν, οὔ ποτʼ ἔγωγε τελευτήσεσθαι ἔφασκον, Τρῶας ἐφʼ ἡμετέρας ἰέναι νέας, οἳ τὸ πάρος περ φυζακινῇς ἐλάφοισιν ἐοίκεσαν, αἵ τε καθʼ ὕλην θώων παρδαλίων τε λύκων τʼ ἤϊα πέλονται αὔτως ἠλάσκουσαι ἀνάλκιδες, οὐδʼ ἔπι χάρμη· ὣς Τρῶες τὸ πρίν γε μένος καὶ χεῖρας Ἀχαιῶν μίμνειν οὐκ ἐθέλεσκον ἐναντίον, οὐδʼ ἠβαιόν· νῦν δὲ ἑκὰς πόλιος κοίλῃς ἐπὶ νηυσὶ μάχονται ἡγεμόνος κακότητι μεθημοσύνῃσί τε λαῶν, οἳ κείνῳ ἐρίσαντες ἀμυνέμεν οὐκ ἐθέλουσι νηῶν ὠκυπόρων, ἀλλὰ κτείνονται ἀνʼ αὐτάς. ἀλλʼ εἰ δὴ καὶ πάμπαν ἐτήτυμον αἴτιός ἐστιν ἥρως Ἀτρεΐδης εὐρὺ κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων οὕνεκʼ ἀπητίμησε ποδώκεα Πηλεΐωνα, ἡμέας γʼ οὔ πως ἔστι μεθιέμεναι πολέμοιο. ἀλλʼ ἀκεώμεθα θᾶσσον· ἀκεσταί τοι φρένες ἐσθλῶν. ὑμεῖς δʼ οὐκ ἔτι καλὰ μεθίετε θούριδος ἀλκῆς πάντες ἄριστοι ἐόντες ἀνὰ στρατόν. οὐδʼ ἂν ἔγωγε ἀνδρὶ μαχεσσαίμην ὅς τις πολέμοιο μεθείη λυγρὸς ἐών· ὑμῖν δὲ νεμεσσῶμαι περὶ κῆρι. πέπονες τάχα δή τι κακὸν ποιήσετε μεῖζον τῇδε μεθημοσύνῃ· ἀλλʼ ἐν φρεσὶ θέσθε ἕκαστος αἰδῶ καὶ νέμεσιν· δὴ γὰρ μέγα νεῖκος ὄρωρεν. Ἕκτωρ δὴ παρὰ νηυσὶ βοὴν ἀγαθὸς πολεμίζει καρτερός, ἔρρηξεν δὲ πύλας καὶ μακρὸν ὀχῆα.
Lattimore commentary
Poseidon/Kalchas interprets the quarrel from Achilleus’ point of view, and the “weakness” refers to Agamemnon. But he still urges courage on the part of the troops. The “healing” of the rift between fighters (or of their slackness in battle—an ambiguity) foregrounds the theme that is associated with the saving action of Patroklos: see 11.843.