Seba.Health

Polydamas

Mortal · 5 speeches

Psychological Vocabulary

All Speeches (5)

Lines 61–79
There is it no wise possible for charioteers to descend and fight; for the space is narrow, and then methinks shall we suffer hurt. For if Zeus, that thundereth on high, is utterly to crush our foes in his wrath, and is minded to give aid unto the Trojans, there verily were I too fain that this might forthwith come to pass, that the Achaeans should perish here far from Argos, and have no name; but if they turn upon us and we be driven back from the ships and become entangled in the digged ditch, then methinks shall not one man of us return back to the city from before the Achaeans when they rally, even to bear the tidings. But come, even as I shall bid, let us all obey. As for the horses, let the squires hold them back by the trench, but let us on foot, arrayed in our armour, follow all in one throng after Hector; and the Achaeans will not withstand us, if so be the bonds of destruction are made fast upon them.
Ἕκτορ τʼ ἠδʼ ἄλλοι Τρώων ἀγοὶ ἠδʼ ἐπικούρων ἀφραδέως διὰ τάφρον ἐλαύνομεν ὠκέας ἵππους· δὲ μάλʼ ἀργαλέη περάαν· σκόλοπες γὰρ ἐν αὐτῇ ὀξέες ἑστᾶσιν, ποτὶ δʼ αὐτοὺς τεῖχος Ἀχαιῶν, ἔνθʼ οὔ πως ἔστιν καταβήμεναι οὐδὲ μάχεσθαι ἱππεῦσι· στεῖνος γάρ, ὅθι τρώσεσθαι ὀΐω. εἰ μὲν γὰρ τοὺς πάγχυ κακὰ φρονέων ἀλαπάζει Ζεὺς ὑψιβρεμέτης, Τρώεσσι δὲ ἵετʼ ἀρήγειν, τʼ ἂν ἔγωγʼ ἐθέλοιμι καὶ αὐτίκα τοῦτο γενέσθαι, νωνύμνους ἀπολέσθαι ἀπʼ Ἄργεος ἐνθάδʼ Ἀχαιούς· εἰ δέ χʼ ὑποστρέψωσι, παλίωξις δὲ γένηται ἐκ νηῶν καὶ τάφρῳ ἐνιπλήξωμεν ὀρυκτῇ, οὐκέτʼ ἔπειτʼ ὀΐω οὐδʼ ἄγγελον ἀπονέεσθαι ἄψορρον προτὶ ἄστυ ἑλιχθέντων ὑπʼ Ἀχαιῶν. ἀλλʼ ἄγεθʼ ὡς ἂν ἐγὼ εἴπω πειθώμεθα πάντες· ἵππους μὲν θεράποντες ἐρυκόντων ἐπὶ τάφρῳ, αὐτοὶ δὲ πρυλέες σὺν τεύχεσι θωρηχθέντες Ἕκτορι πάντες ἑπώμεθʼ ἀολλέες· αὐτὰρ Ἀχαιοὶ οὐ μενέουσʼ εἰ δή σφιν ὀλέθρου πείρατʼ ἐφῆπται.
Lines 211–229
yet now will I speak even as seemeth to me to be best. Let us not go forward to fight with the Danaans for the ships. For thus, methinks, will the issue be, seeing that in sooth this bird has come upon the Trojans, as they were eager to cross over, an eagle of lofty flight, skirting the host on the left, bearing in his talons a blood-red, monstrous snake, still living, yet straightway let it fall before he reached his own nest, neither finished he his course, to bring and give it to his little ones—even so shall we, though we break the gates and the wall of the Achaeans by our great might, and the Achaeans give way, come back over the selfsame road from the ships in disarray; for many of the Trojans shall we leave behind, whom th Achaeans shall slay with the bronze in defense of the ships. On this wise would a soothsayer interpret, one that in his mind had clear knowledge of omens, and to whom the folk gave ear.
Ἕκτορ ἀεὶ μέν πώς μοι ἐπιπλήσσεις ἀγορῇσιν ἐσθλὰ φραζομένῳ, ἐπεὶ οὐδὲ μὲν οὐδὲ ἔοικε δῆμον ἐόντα παρὲξ ἀγορευέμεν, οὔτʼ ἐνὶ βουλῇ οὔτέ ποτʼ ἐν πολέμῳ, σὸν δὲ κράτος αἰὲν ἀέξειν· νῦν αὖτʼ ἐξερέω ὥς μοι δοκεῖ εἶναι ἄριστα. μὴ ἴομεν Δαναοῖσι μαχησόμενοι περὶ νηῶν. ὧδε γὰρ ἐκτελέεσθαι ὀΐομαι, εἰ ἐτεόν γε Τρωσὶν ὅδʼ ὄρνις ἦλθε περησέμεναι μεμαῶσιν αἰετὸς ὑψιπέτης ἐπʼ ἀριστερὰ λαὸν ἐέργων φοινήεντα δράκοντα φέρων ὀνύχεσσι πέλωρον ζωόν· ἄφαρ δʼ ἀφέηκε πάρος φίλα οἰκίʼ ἱκέσθαι, οὐδʼ ἐτέλεσσε φέρων δόμεναι τεκέεσσιν ἑοῖσιν. ὣς ἡμεῖς, εἴ πέρ τε πύλας καὶ τεῖχος Ἀχαιῶν ῥηξόμεθα σθένεϊ μεγάλῳ, εἴξωσι δʼ Ἀχαιοί, οὐ κόσμῳ παρὰ ναῦφιν ἐλευσόμεθʼ αὐτὰ κέλευθα· πολλοὺς γὰρ Τρώων καταλείψομεν, οὕς κεν Ἀχαιοὶ χαλκῷ δῃώσωσιν ἀμυνόμενοι περὶ νηῶν. ὧδέ χʼ ὑποκρίναιτο θεοπρόπος, ὃς σάφα θυμῷ εἰδείη τεράων καί οἱ πειθοίατο λαοί.
Lines 726–747
To one man hath God given works of war, to another the dance, to another the lyre and song, and in the breast of another Zeus, whose voice is borne afar, putteth a mind of understanding, wherefrom many men get profit, and many he saveth; but he knoweth it best himself. So will I speak what seemeth to me to be best. Behold all about thee blazeth a circle of war, and the great-souled Trojans, now that they have passed over the wall, are some of them standing aloof with their arms, and others are fighting, fewer men against more, scattered among the ships. Nay, fall thou back, and call hither all the bravest. Then shall we consider all manner of counsel, whether we shall fall upon the many-benched ships, if so be the god willeth to give us victory, or thereafter shall return unscathed back from the ships. Verily, for myself, I fear lest the Achaeans shall pay back the debt of yesterday, seeing there abideth by the ships a man insatiate of war, who no longer, methinks, will hold him utterly aloof from battle.
Ἕκτορ ἀμήχανός ἐσσι παραρρητοῖσι πιθέσθαι. οὕνεκά τοι περὶ δῶκε θεὸς πολεμήϊα ἔργα τοὔνεκα καὶ βουλῇ ἐθέλεις περιίδμεναι ἄλλων· ἀλλʼ οὔ πως ἅμα πάντα δυνήσεαι αὐτὸς ἑλέσθαι. ἄλλῳ μὲν γὰρ ἔδωκε θεὸς πολεμήϊα ἔργα, ἄλλῳ δʼ ὀρχηστύν, ἑτέρῳ κίθαριν καὶ ἀοιδήν, ἄλλῳ δʼ ἐν στήθεσσι τιθεῖ νόον εὐρύοπα Ζεὺς ἐσθλόν, τοῦ δέ τε πολλοὶ ἐπαυρίσκοντʼ ἄνθρωποι, καί τε πολέας ἐσάωσε, μάλιστα δὲ καὐτὸς ἀνέγνω. αὐτὰρ ἐγὼν ἐρέω ὥς μοι δοκεῖ εἶναι ἄριστα· πάντῃ γάρ σε περὶ στέφανος πολέμοιο δέδηε· Τρῶες δὲ μεγάθυμοι ἐπεὶ κατὰ τεῖχος ἔβησαν οἳ μὲν ἀφεστᾶσιν σὺν τεύχεσιν, οἳ δὲ μάχονται παυρότεροι πλεόνεσσι κεδασθέντες κατὰ νῆας. ἀλλʼ ἀναχασσάμενος κάλει ἐνθάδε πάντας ἀρίστους· ἔνθεν δʼ ἂν μάλα πᾶσαν ἐπιφρασσαίμεθα βουλὴν κεν ἐνὶ νήεσσι πολυκλήϊσι πέσωμεν αἴ κʼ ἐθέλῃσι θεὸς δόμεναι κράτος, κεν ἔπειτα πὰρ νηῶν ἔλθωμεν ἀπήμονες. γὰρ ἔγωγε δείδω μὴ τὸ χθιζὸν ἀποστήσωνται Ἀχαιοὶ χρεῖος, ἐπεὶ παρὰ νηυσὶν ἀνὴρ ἆτος πολέμοιο μίμνει, ὃν οὐκέτι πάγχυ μάχης σχήσεσθαι ὀΐω.
Lattimore commentary
The principle of diversity of divine gifts underlies the characterization of heroes on both sides. Achilleus has fighting power, but Patroklos has greater wisdom, a pairing like that of Hektor and Poulydamas. It is interesting that dance as a skill is kept separate from the playing and singing of music (treated together). The imminent reentry of Achilleus is a real possibility for the audience as well, since we have heard him pledge to return when Trojan fire reaches his ships (9.651).
Lines 454–457
hath the spear leapt not in vain. Nay, one of the Argives hath got it in his flesh, and leaning thereon for a staff; methinks, will he go down into the house of Hades.
οὐ μὰν αὖτʼ ὀΐω μεγαθύμου Πανθοΐδαο χειρὸς ἄπο στιβαρῆς ἅλιον πηδῆσαι ἄκοντα, ἀλλά τις Ἀργείων κόμισε χροΐ, καί μιν ὀΐω αὐτῷ σκηπτόμενον κατίμεν δόμον Ἄϊδος εἴσω.
Lines 254–283
return even now to the city, neither on the plain beside the ships await bright Dawn, for afar from the wall are we. As long as this man continued in wrath against goodly Agamemnon, even so long were the Achaeans easier to fight against; aye, and I too was glad, when hard by the swift ships I spent the night, in hope that we should take the curved ships. But now do I wondrously fear the swift-footed son of Peleus; so masterful is his spirit, he will not be minded to abide in the plain, where in the midst both Trojans and Achaeans share in the fury of Ares; but it is for our city that he will fight, and for our wives. Nay, let us go to the city; hearken ye unto me, for on this wise shall it be. For this present hath immortal night stayed the swift-footed son of Peleus, but if on the morrow he shall come forth in harness and light on us yet abiding here, full well shall many a one come to know him; for with joy shall he that escapeth win to sacred Ilios, and many of the Trojans shall the dogs and vultures devour—far from my ear be the tale thereof. But and if we hearken to my words for all we be loath, this night shall we keep our forces in the place of gathering, and the city shall be guarded by the walls and high gates and by the tall well-polished doors that are set therein, bolted fast. But in the morning at the coming of Dawn arrayed in our armour will we make our stand upon the walls; and the worse will it be for him, if he be minded to come forth from the ships and fight with us to win the wall. Back again to his ships shall he hie him, when he hath given his horses, with high-arched necks, surfeit of coursing to and fro, as he driveth vainly beneath the city. But to force his way within will his heart not suffer him nor shall he lay it waste; ere that shall the swift dogs devour him.
ἀμφὶ μάλα φράζεσθε φίλοι· κέλομαι γὰρ ἔγωγε ἄστυδε νῦν ἰέναι, μὴ μίμνειν ἠῶ δῖαν ἐν πεδίῳ παρὰ νηυσίν· ἑκὰς δʼ ἀπὸ τείχεός εἰμεν. ὄφρα μὲν οὗτος ἀνὴρ Ἀγαμέμνονι μήνιε δίῳ τόφρα δὲ ῥηΐτεροι πολεμίζειν ἦσαν Ἀχαιοί· χαίρεσκον γὰρ ἔγωγε θοῇς ἐπὶ νηυσὶν ἰαύων ἐλπόμενος νῆας αἱρησέμεν ἀμφιελίσσας. νῦν δʼ αἰνῶς δείδοικα ποδώκεα Πηλεΐωνα· οἷος κείνου θυμὸς ὑπέρβιος, οὐκ ἐθελήσει μίμνειν ἐν πεδίῳ, ὅθι περ Τρῶες καὶ Ἀχαιοὶ ἐν μέσῳ ἀμφότεροι μένος Ἄρηος δατέονται, ἀλλὰ περὶ πτόλιός τε μαχήσεται ἠδὲ γυναικῶν. ἀλλʼ ἴομεν προτὶ ἄστυ, πίθεσθέ μοι· ὧδε γὰρ ἔσται· νῦν μὲν νὺξ ἀπέπαυσε ποδώκεα Πηλεΐωνα ἀμβροσίη· εἰ δʼ ἄμμε κιχήσεται ἐνθάδʼ ἐόντας αὔριον ὁρμηθεὶς σὺν τεύχεσιν, εὖ νύ τις αὐτὸν γνώσεται· ἀσπασίως γὰρ ἀφίξεται Ἴλιον ἱρὴν ὅς κε φύγῃ, πολλοὺς δὲ κύνες καὶ γῦπες ἔδονται Τρώων· αἲ γὰρ δή μοι ἀπʼ οὔατος ὧδε γένοιτο. εἰ δʼ ἂν ἐμοῖς ἐπέεσσι πιθώμεθα κηδόμενοί περ, νύκτα μὲν εἰν ἀγορῇ σθένος ἕξομεν, ἄστυ δὲ πύργοι ὑψηλαί τε πύλαι σανίδες τʼ ἐπὶ τῇς ἀραρυῖαι μακραὶ ἐΰξεστοι ἐζευγμέναι εἰρύσσονται· πρῶϊ δʼ ὑπηοῖοι σὺν τεύχεσι θωρηχθέντες στησόμεθʼ ἂμ πύργους· τῷ δʼ ἄλγιον, αἴ κʼ ἐθέλῃσιν ἐλθὼν ἐκ νηῶν περὶ τείχεος ἄμμι μάχεσθαι. ἂψ πάλιν εἶσʼ ἐπὶ νῆας, ἐπεί κʼ ἐριαύχενας ἵππους παντοίου δρόμου ἄσῃ ὑπὸ πτόλιν ἠλασκάζων· εἴσω δʼ οὔ μιν θυμὸς ἐφορμηθῆναι ἐάσει, οὐδέ ποτʼ ἐκπέρσει· πρίν μιν κύνες ἀργοὶ ἔδονται.