Seba.Health

Hera

Divine · 32 speeches

Psychological Vocabulary

All Speeches (32)

Hera to Zeus · divine
Lines 540–543
Always is it your pleasure to hold aloof from me, and to give judgments which you have pondered in secret, nor have you ever brought yourself with a ready heart to declare to me the matter which you devise.
τίς δʼ αὖ τοι δολομῆτα θεῶν συμφράσσατο βουλάς; αἰεί τοι φίλον ἐστὶν ἐμεῦ ἀπὸ νόσφιν ἐόντα κρυπτάδια φρονέοντα δικαζέμεν· οὐδέ τί πώ μοι πρόφρων τέτληκας εἰπεῖν ἔπος ὅττι νοήσῃς.
Lattimore commentary
The poet depicts a vividly real divine family by such touches, giving the impression of long-standing personal relations among the gods.
Hera to Zeus · divine
Lines 552–559
silver-footed Thetis, daughter of the old man of the sea, have beguiled you; for at early dawn she sat by you and clasped your knees. To her, I think, you bowed your head in sure token that you will honour Achilles, and bring many to death beside the ships of the Achaeans.
αἰνότατε Κρονίδη ποῖον τὸν μῦθον ἔειπες; καὶ λίην σε πάρος γʼ οὔτʼ εἴρομαι οὔτε μεταλλῶ, ἀλλὰ μάλʼ εὔκηλος τὰ φράζεαι ἅσσʼ ἐθέλῃσθα. νῦν δʼ αἰνῶς δείδοικα κατὰ φρένα μή σε παρείπῃ ἀργυρόπεζα Θέτις θυγάτηρ ἁλίοιο γέροντος· ἠερίη γὰρ σοί γε παρέζετο καὶ λάβε γούνων· τῇ σʼ ὀΐω κατανεῦσαι ἐτήτυμον ὡς Ἀχιλῆα τιμήσῃς, ὀλέσῃς δὲ πολέας ἐπὶ νηυσὶν Ἀχαιῶν.
Hera to Athena · divine
Lines 157–165
Aye, and they would leave to Priam and the Trojans their boast, even Argive Helen, for whose sake many an Achaean hath perished in Troy, far from his dear native land. But go thou now throughout the host of the brazen-coated Achaeans; with thy gentle words seek thou to restrain every man, neither suffer them to draw into the sea their curved ships.
πόποι αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς τέκος Ἀτρυτώνη, οὕτω δὴ οἶκον δὲ φίλην ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν Ἀργεῖοι φεύξονται ἐπʼ εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης, κὰδ δέ κεν εὐχωλὴν Πριάμῳ καὶ Τρωσὶ λίποιεν Ἀργείην Ἑλένην, ἧς εἵνεκα πολλοὶ Ἀχαιῶν ἐν Τροίῃ ἀπόλοντο φίλης ἀπὸ πατρίδος αἴης· ἀλλʼ ἴθι νῦν κατὰ λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν χαλκοχιτώνων· σοῖς ἀγανοῖς ἐπέεσσιν ἐρήτυε φῶτα ἕκαστον, μηδὲ ἔα νῆας ἅλα δʼ ἑλκέμεν ἀμφιελίσσας.
Hera to Zeus · divine
Lines 25–29
Most dread son of Cronos, what a word hast thou said! How art thou minded to render my labour vain and of none effect, and the sweat that I sweated in my toil,—aye, and my horses twain waxed weary with my summoning the host for the bane of Priam and his sons? Do thou as thou wilt; but be sure we other gods assent not all thereto.
αἰνότατε Κρονίδη ποῖον τὸν μῦθον ἔειπες· πῶς ἐθέλεις ἅλιον θεῖναι πόνον ἠδʼ ἀτέλεστον, ἱδρῶ θʼ ὃν ἵδρωσα μόγῳ, καμέτην δέ μοι ἵπποι λαὸν ἀγειρούσῃ, Πριάμῳ κακὰ τοῖό τε παισίν. ἕρδʼ· ἀτὰρ οὔ τοι πάντες ἐπαινέομεν θεοὶ ἄλλοι.
Lattimore commentary
That the gods sweat and toil seems odd, but to make them more real the Iliad regularly presents divinities as undergoing nearly mortal suffering; they simply do not expire. Of Hera’s personal efforts to gather armies against Troy, we know nothing further.
Hera to Zeus · divine
Lines 51–67
For even though I grudge thee, and am fain to thwart their overthrow, I avail naught by my grudging, for truly thou art far the mightier. Still it beseemeth that my labour too be not made of none effect; for I also am a god, and my birth is from the stock whence is thine own, and crooked-counselling Cronos begat me as the most honoured of his daughters in twofold wise, for that I am eldest, and am called thy wife, whilst thou art king among all the immortals. Nay then, let us yield one to the other herein, I to thee and thou to me, and all the other immortal gods will follow with us; and do thou straightway bid Athene go her way into the dread din of battle of Trojans and Achaeans, and contrive how that the Trojans may be first in defiance of their oaths to work evil upon the Achaeans that exult in their triumph.
ἤτοι ἐμοὶ τρεῖς μὲν πολὺ φίλταταί εἰσι πόληες Ἄργός τε Σπάρτη τε καὶ εὐρυάγυια Μυκήνη· τὰς διαπέρσαι ὅτʼ ἄν τοι ἀπέχθωνται περὶ κῆρι· τάων οὔ τοι ἐγὼ πρόσθʼ ἵσταμαι οὐδὲ μεγαίρω. εἴ περ γὰρ φθονέω τε καὶ οὐκ εἰῶ διαπέρσαι, οὐκ ἀνύω φθονέουσʼ ἐπεὶ πολὺ φέρτερός ἐσσι. ἀλλὰ χρὴ καὶ ἐμὸν θέμεναι πόνον οὐκ ἀτέλεστον· καὶ γὰρ ἐγὼ θεός εἰμι, γένος δέ μοι ἔνθεν ὅθεν σοί, καί με πρεσβυτάτην τέκετο Κρόνος ἀγκυλομήτης, ἀμφότερον γενεῇ τε καὶ οὕνεκα σὴ παράκοιτις κέκλημαι, σὺ δὲ πᾶσι μετʼ ἀθανάτοισιν ἀνάσσεις. ἀλλʼ ἤτοι μὲν ταῦθʼ ὑποείξομεν ἀλλήλοισι, σοὶ μὲν ἐγώ, σὺ δʼ ἐμοί· ἐπὶ δʼ ἕψονται θεοὶ ἄλλοι ἀθάνατοι· σὺ δὲ θᾶσσον Ἀθηναίῃ ἐπιτεῖλαι ἐλθεῖν ἐς Τρώων καὶ Ἀχαιῶν φύλοπιν αἰνήν, πειρᾶν δʼ ὥς κε Τρῶες ὑπερκύδαντας Ἀχαιοὺς ἄρξωσι πρότεροι ὑπὲρ ὅρκια δηλήσασθαι.
Lattimore commentary
Hera’s major mainland shrine the Heraion was halfway between Argos and Mykenai, both of which are important Bronze Age sites. In Sparta she had a hilltop temple (Pausanias 3.13.8).
Hera to Athena · divine
Lines 714–718
verily it was for naught that we pledged our word to Menelaus, that not until he had sacked well-walled Ilios should he get him home, if we are to suffer baneful Ares thus to rage. Nay, come, let us twain likewise bethink us of furious valour.
πόποι αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς τέκος Ἀτρυτώνη, ῥʼ ἅλιον τὸν μῦθον ὑπέστημεν Μενελάῳ Ἴλιον ἐκπέρσαντʼ εὐτείχεον ἀπονέεσθαι, εἰ οὕτω μαίνεσθαι ἐάσομεν οὖλον Ἄρηα. ἀλλʼ ἄγε δὴ καὶ νῶϊ μεδώμεθα θούριδος ἀλκῆς.
Hera to Zeus · divine
Lines 757–763
while at their ease Cypris and Apollo of the silver bow take their joy, having set on this madman that regardeth not any law? Father Zeus, wilt thou in any wise be wroth with me if I smite Ares in sorry fashion and drive him out of the battle?
Ζεῦ πάτερ οὐ νεμεσίζῃ Ἄρῃ τάδε καρτερὰ ἔργα ὁσσάτιόν τε καὶ οἷον ἀπώλεσε λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν μὰψ ἀτὰρ οὐ κατὰ κόσμον ἐμοὶ δʼ ἄχος, οἳ δὲ ἕκηλοι τέρπονται Κύπρίς τε καὶ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων ἄφρονα τοῦτον ἀνέντες, ὃς οὔ τινα οἶδε θέμιστα; Ζεῦ πάτερ ῥά τί μοι κεχολώσεαι, αἴ κεν Ἄρηα λυγρῶς πεπληγυῖα μάχης ἐξαποδίωμαι;
Hera to Poseidon · divine
Lines 201–207
For did we but will, all we that are aiders of the Danaans, to drive back the Trojans and to withhold Zeus whose voice is borne afar, then, in vexation of spirit, would he sit alone there upon Ida.
πόποι ἐννοσίγαιʼ εὐρυσθενές, οὐδέ νυ σοί περ ὀλλυμένων Δαναῶν ὀλοφύρεται ἐν φρεσὶ θυμός. οἳ δέ τοι εἰς Ἑλίκην τε καὶ Αἰγὰς δῶρʼ ἀνάγουσι πολλά τε καὶ χαρίεντα· σὺ δέ σφισι βούλεο νίκην. εἴ περ γάρ κʼ ἐθέλοιμεν, ὅσοι Δαναοῖσιν ἀρωγοί, Τρῶας ἀπώσασθαι καὶ ἐρυκέμεν εὐρύοπα Ζῆν, αὐτοῦ κʼ ἔνθʼ ἀκάχοιτο καθήμενος οἶος ἐν Ἴδῃ.
Hera to Athena · divine
Lines 352–356
before the onset of one single man, even of Hector, Priam's son, who now rageth past all bearing, and lo, hath wrought evils manifold.
πόποι αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς τέκος οὐκέτι νῶϊ ὀλλυμένων Δαναῶν κεκαδησόμεθʼ ὑστάτιόν περ; οἵ κεν δὴ κακὸν οἶτον ἀναπλήσαντες ὄλωνται ἀνδρὸς ἑνὸς ῥιπῇ, δὲ μαίνεται οὐκέτʼ ἀνεκτῶς Ἕκτωρ Πριαμίδης, καὶ δὴ κακὰ πολλὰ ἔοργε.
Hera to Athena · divine
Lines 427–431
even as it may befall; and for him, let him take his own counsel in his heart and judge between Trojans and Danaans, as is meet.
πόποι αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς τέκος, οὐκέτʼ ἔγωγε νῶϊ ἐῶ Διὸς ἄντα βροτῶν ἕνεκα πτολεμίζειν· τῶν ἄλλος μὲν ἀποφθίσθω, ἄλλος δὲ βιώτω, ὅς κε τύχῃ· κεῖνος δὲ τὰ φρονέων ἐνὶ θυμῷ Τρωσί τε καὶ Δαναοῖσι δικαζέτω, ὡς ἐπιεικές.
Hera to Zeus · divine
Lines 462–468
who now shall perish and fulfill an evil fate. Yet verily will we refrain us from battle, if so thou biddest; howbeit counsel will we offer to the Argives which shall be for their profit, that they perish not all by reason of thy wrath.
αἰνότατε Κρονίδη ποῖον τὸν μῦθον ἔειπες. εὖ νυ καὶ ἡμεῖς ἴδμεν τοι σθένος οὐκ ἀλαπαδνόν· ἀλλʼ ἔμπης Δαναῶν ὀλοφυρόμεθʼ αἰχμητάων, οἵ κεν δὴ κακὸν οἶτον ἀναπλήσαντες ὄλωνται. ἀλλʼ ἤτοι πολέμου μὲν ἀφεξόμεθʼ, εἰ σὺ κελεύεις· βουλὴν δʼ Ἀργείοις ὑποθησόμεθʼ τις ὀνήσει, ὡς μὴ πάντες ὄλωνται ὀδυσσαμένοιο τεοῖο.
Hera to Aphrodite · divine
Lines 190–192
Wilt thou now hearken to me, dear child, in what I shall say? or wilt thou refuse me, being angered at heart for that I give aid to the Danaans and thou to the Trojans?
ῥά νύ μοί τι πίθοιο φίλον τέκος ὅττί κεν εἴπω, ἦέ κεν ἀρνήσαιο κοτεσσαμένη τό γε θυμῷ, οὕνεκʼ ἐγὼ Δαναοῖσι, σὺ δὲ Τρώεσσιν ἀρήγεις;
Hera to Aphrodite · divine
Lines 198–210
For I am faring to visit the limits of the all-nurturing earth, and Oceanus, from whom the gods are sprung, and mother Tethys, even them that lovingly nursed and cherished me in their halls, when they had taken me from Rhea, what time Zeus, whose voice is borne afar, thrust Cronos down to dwell beneath earth and the unresting sea. Them am I faring to visit, and will loose for them their endless strife, since now for a long time's space they hold aloof one from the other from the marriage-bed and from love, for that wrath hath come upon their hearts. If by words I might but persuade the hearts of these twain, and bring them back to be joined together in love, ever should I be called dear by them and worthy of reverence.
δὸς νῦν μοι φιλότητα καὶ ἵμερον, τε σὺ πάντας δαμνᾷ ἀθανάτους ἠδὲ θνητοὺς ἀνθρώπους. εἶμι γὰρ ὀψομένη πολυφόρβου πείρατα γαίης, Ὠκεανόν τε θεῶν γένεσιν καὶ μητέρα Τηθύν, οἵ μʼ ἐν σφοῖσι δόμοισιν ἐῢ τρέφον ἠδʼ ἀτίταλλον δεξάμενοι Ῥείας, ὅτε τε Κρόνον εὐρύοπα Ζεὺς γαίης νέρθε καθεῖσε καὶ ἀτρυγέτοιο θαλάσσης· τοὺς εἶμʼ ὀψομένη, καί σφʼ ἄκριτα νείκεα λύσω· ἤδη γὰρ δηρὸν χρόνον ἀλλήλων ἀπέχονται εὐνῆς καὶ φιλότητος, ἐπεὶ χόλος ἔμπεσε θυμῷ. εἰ κείνω ἐπέεσσι παραιπεπιθοῦσα φίλον κῆρ εἰς εὐνὴν ἀνέσαιμι ὁμωθῆναι φιλότητι, αἰεί κέ σφι φίλη τε καὶ αἰδοίη καλεοίμην.
Lattimore commentary
Tethys and Okeanos as foster parents of Hera are not known from the mainstream Hesiodic version of early divine history, but as Hera’s discourse in general here is deceptive, this detail, too, could be a purely mythical construction. Another possibility is that she refers to a creation story otherwise only hinted at in some Greek versions (cf. Plato, Cratylus, 402b) and possibly influenced by Babylonian myths that name gods of fresh and salt water as the primal elements.
Hera to Hypnus · divine
Lines 233–241
and I will owe thee thanks all my days. Lull me to sleep the bright eyes of Zeus beneath his brows, so soon as I shall have lain me by his side in love. And gifts will I give thee, a fair throne, ever imperishable, wrought of gold, that Hephaestus, mine own son, the god of the two strong arms, shall fashion thee with skill, and beneath it shall he set a foot-stool for the feet, whereon thou mayest rest thy shining feet when thou quaffest thy wine.
Ὕπνε ἄναξ πάντων τε θεῶν πάντων τʼ ἀνθρώπων, ἠμὲν δή ποτʼ ἐμὸν ἔπος ἔκλυες, ἠδʼ ἔτι καὶ νῦν πείθευ· ἐγὼ δέ κέ τοι ἰδέω χάριν ἤματα πάντα. κοίμησόν μοι Ζηνὸς ὑπʼ ὀφρύσιν ὄσσε φαεινὼ αὐτίκʼ ἐπεί κεν ἐγὼ παραλέξομαι ἐν φιλότητι. δῶρα δέ τοι δώσω καλὸν θρόνον ἄφθιτον αἰεὶ χρύσεον· Ἥφαιστος δέ κʼ ἐμὸς πάϊς ἀμφιγυήεις τεύξειʼ ἀσκήσας, ὑπὸ δὲ θρῆνυν ποσὶν ἥσει, τῷ κεν ἐπισχοίης λιπαροὺς πόδας εἰλαπινάζων.
Hera to Hypnus · divine
Lines 264–268
Deemest thou that Zeus, whose voice is borne afar, will aid the Trojans, even as he waxed wroth for the sake of Heracles, his own son? Nay, come, I will give thee one of the youthful Graces to wed to be called thy wife, even Pasithea, for whom thou ever longest all thy days.
Ὕπνε τί δὲ σὺ ταῦτα μετὰ φρεσὶ σῇσι μενοινᾷς; φῂς ὣς Τρώεσσιν ἀρηξέμεν εὐρύοπα Ζῆν ὡς Ἡρακλῆος περιχώσατο παῖδος ἑοῖο; ἀλλʼ ἴθʼ, ἐγὼ δέ κέ τοι Χαρίτων μίαν ὁπλοτεράων δώσω ὀπυιέμεναι καὶ σὴν κεκλῆσθαι ἄκοιτιν.
Hera to Zeus · divine
Lines 301–311
since now for long time's apace they hold aloof one from the other from the marriage-bed and from love, for that wrath hath fallen upon their hearts. And my horses stand at the foot of many-fountained Ida, my horses that shall bear me both over the solid land and the waters of the sea. But now it is because of thee that I am come hither down from Olympus, lest haply thou mightest wax wroth with me hereafter, if without a word I depart to the house of deep-flowing Oceanus.
ἔρχομαι ὀψομένη πολυφόρβου πείρατα γαίης, Ὠκεανόν τε θεῶν γένεσιν καὶ μητέρα Τηθύν, οἵ με σφοῖσι δόμοισιν ἐῢ τρέφον ἠδʼ ἀτίταλλον· τοὺς εἶμʼ ὀψομένη, καί σφʼ ἄκριτα νείκεα λύσω· ἤδη γὰρ δηρὸν χρόνον ἀλλήλων ἀπέχονται εὐνῆς καὶ φιλότητος, ἐπεὶ χόλος ἔμπεσε θυμῷ. ἵπποι δʼ ἐν πρυμνωρείῃ πολυπίδακος Ἴδης ἑστᾶσʼ, οἵ μʼ οἴσουσιν ἐπὶ τραφερήν τε καὶ ὑγρήν. νῦν δὲ σεῦ εἵνεκα δεῦρο κατʼ Οὐλύμπου τόδʼ ἱκάνω, μή πώς μοι μετέπειτα χολώσεαι, αἴ κε σιωπῇ οἴχωμαι πρὸς δῶμα βαθυρρόου Ὠκεανοῖο.
Hera to Zeus · divine
Lines 330–340
Most dread son of Cronos, what a word hast thou said. If now thou art fain to be couched in love on the peaks of Ida, where all is plain to view, what and if some one of the gods that are for ever should behold us twain as we sleep, and should go and tell it to all the gods?Then verily could not I arise from the couch and go again to thy house; that were a shameful thing. But if thou wilt, and it is thy heart's good pleasure, thou hast a chamber, that thy dear son Hephaestus fashioned for thee, and fitted strong doors upon the door-posts.Thither let us go and lay us down, since the couch is thy desire. Then in answer to her spake Zeus, the cloud-gatherer: Hera, fear thou not that any god or man shall behold the thing, with such a cloud shall I enfold thee withal, a cloud of gold. Therethrough might not even Helios discern us twain,albeit his sight is the keenest of all for beholding. Therewith the son of Cronos clasped his wife in his arms, and beneath them the divine earth made fresh-sprung grass to grow, and dewy lotus, and crocus, and hyacinth, thick and soft, that upbare them from the ground. Then verily could not I arise from the couch and go again to thy house; that were a shameful thing. But if thou wilt, and it is thy heart's good pleasure, thou hast a chamber, that thy dear son Hephaestus fashioned for thee, and fitted strong doors upon the door-posts. Thither let us go and lay us down, since the couch is thy desire.
αἰνότατε Κρονίδη ποῖον τὸν μῦθον ἔειπες. εἰ νῦν ἐν φιλότητι λιλαίεαι εὐνηθῆναι Ἴδης ἐν κορυφῇσι, τὰ δὲ προπέφανται ἅπαντα· πῶς κʼ ἔοι εἴ τις νῶϊ θεῶν αἰειγενετάων εὕδοντʼ ἀθρήσειε, θεοῖσι δὲ πᾶσι μετελθὼν πεφράδοι; οὐκ ἂν ἔγωγε τεὸν πρὸς δῶμα νεοίμην ἐξ εὐνῆς ἀνστᾶσα, νεμεσσητὸν δέ κεν εἴη. ἀλλʼ εἰ δή ῥʼ ἐθέλεις καί τοι φίλον ἔπλετο θυμῷ, ἔστιν τοι θάλαμος, τόν τοι φίλος υἱὸς ἔτευξεν Ἥφαιστος, πυκινὰς δὲ θύρας σταθμοῖσιν ἐπῆρσεν· ἔνθʼ ἴομεν κείοντες, ἐπεί νύ τοι εὔαδεν εὐνή.
Hera to Zeus · divine
Lines 36–46
whereby I verily would never forswear myself —not by my will doth Poseidon, the Shaker of Earth, work harm to the Trojans and Hector, and give succour to their foes. Nay, I ween, it is his own soul that urgeth and biddeth him on, and he hath seen the Achaeans sore-bested by their ships and taken pity upon them. But I tell thee, I would counsel even him to walk in that way, wherein thou, O lord of the dark cloud, mayest lead him.
ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα καὶ Οὐρανὸς εὐρὺς ὕπερθε καὶ τὸ κατειβόμενον Στυγὸς ὕδωρ, ὅς τε μέγιστος ὅρκος δεινότατός τε πέλει μακάρεσσι θεοῖσι, σή θʼ ἱερὴ κεφαλὴ καὶ νωΐτερον λέχος αὐτῶν κουρίδιον, τὸ μὲν οὐκ ἂν ἐγώ ποτε μὰψ ὀμόσαιμι· μὴ διʼ ἐμὴν ἰότητα Ποσειδάων ἐνοσίχθων πημαίνει Τρῶάς τε καὶ Ἕκτορα, τοῖσι δʼ ἀρήγει, ἀλλά που αὐτὸν θυμὸς ἐποτρύνει καὶ ἀνώγει, τειρομένους δʼ ἐπὶ νηυσὶν ἰδὼν ἐλέησεν Ἀχαιούς. αὐτάρ τοι καὶ κείνῳ ἐγὼ παραμυθησαίμην τῇ ἴμεν κεν δὴ σὺ κελαινεφὲς ἡγεμονεύῃς.
Hera to Themis · divine
Lines 93–99
Nay, do thou begin for the gods the equal feast in the halls, and this shalt thou hear amid all the immortals, even what manner of evil deeds Zeus declareth. In no wise, methinks, will it delight in like manner the hearts of all, whether mortals or gods, if so be any even now still feasteth with a joyful mind.
μή με θεὰ Θέμι ταῦτα διείρεο· οἶσθα καὶ αὐτὴ οἷος κείνου θυμὸς ὑπερφίαλος καὶ ἀπηνής. ἀλλὰ σύ γʼ ἄρχε θεοῖσι δόμοις ἔνι δαιτὸς ἐΐσης· ταῦτα δὲ καὶ μετὰ πᾶσιν ἀκούσεαι ἀθανάτοισιν οἷα Ζεὺς κακὰ ἔργα πιφαύσκεται· οὐδέ τί φημι πᾶσιν ὁμῶς θυμὸν κεχαρησέμεν, οὔτε βροτοῖσιν οὔτε θεοῖς, εἴ πέρ τις ἔτι νῦν δαίνυται εὔφρων.
Hera to Gods · divine
Lines 104–112
In sooth we are even yet fain to draw nigh unto him and thwart him of his will by word or by constraint, but he sitteth apart and recketh not, neither giveth heed thereto; for he deemeth that among the immortal gods he is manifestly supreme in might and strength. Wherefore content ye yourselves with whatsoever evil thing he sendeth upon each. Even now I deem that sorrow hath been wrought for Ares, seeing that his son, dearest of men to him, hath perished in battle, even Ascalaphus, whom mighty Ares declareth to be his own.
νήπιοι οἳ Ζηνὶ μενεαίνομεν ἀφρονέοντες· ἔτι μιν μέμαμεν καταπαυσέμεν ἆσσον ἰόντες ἔπει ἠὲ βίῃ· δʼ ἀφήμενος οὐκ ἀλεγίζει οὐδʼ ὄθεται· φησὶν γὰρ ἐν ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι κάρτεΐ τε σθένεΐ τε διακριδὸν εἶναι ἄριστος. τὼ ἔχεθʼ ὅττί κεν ὔμμι κακὸν πέμπῃσιν ἑκάστῳ. ἤδη γὰρ νῦν ἔλπομʼ Ἄρηΐ γε πῆμα τετύχθαι· υἱὸς γάρ οἱ ὄλωλε μάχῃ ἔνι φίλτατος ἀνδρῶν Ἀσκάλαφος, τόν φησιν ὃν ἔμμεναι ὄβριμος Ἄρης.
Lattimore commentary
Askalaphos was killed without Ares’ knowledge (13.518). The gesture of smacking the thighs with the palms portends imminent death (e. g., 16.125; and see S. Lowenstam, The Death of Patroklos: A Study in Typology Königstein/Ts., 1981). The death of a god’s son (cf. the similar scene of Sarpedon’s killing in book 16) shows how the fear of dissent on Olympos is what determines mortals’ fates.
Lines 146–148
Ζεὺς σφὼ εἰς Ἴδην κέλετʼ ἐλθέμεν ὅττι τάχιστα· αὐτὰρ ἐπὴν ἔλθητε, Διός τʼ εἰς ὦπα ἴδησθε, ἕρδειν ὅττί κε κεῖνος ἐποτρύνῃ καὶ ἀνώγῃ.
Hera to Zeus · divine
Lines 440–457
Most dread son of Cronos, what a word hast thou said! A man that is mortal, doomed long since by fate, art thou minded to deliver again from dolorous death? Do as thou wilt; but be sure that we other gods assent not all thereto. And another thing will I tell thee, and do thou lay it to heart:if thou send Sarpedon living to his house, bethink thee lest hereafter some other god also be minded to send his own dear son away from the fierce conflict; for many there be fighting around the great city of Priam that are sons of the immortals, and among the gods wilt thou send dread wrath.But and if he be dear to thee, and thine heart be grieved, suffer thou him verily to be slain in the fierce conflict beneath the hands of Patroclus, son of Menoetius; but when his soul and life have left him, then send thou Death and sweet Sleep to bear him awayuntil they come to the land of wide Lycia; and there shall his brethren and his kinsfolk give him burial with mound and pillar; for this is the due of the dead. So spake she, and the father of men and gods failed to hearken. Howbeit he shed bloody rain-drops on the earth, if thou send Sarpedon living to his house, bethink thee lest hereafter some other god also be minded to send his own dear son away from the fierce conflict; for many there be fighting around the great city of Priam that are sons of the immortals, and among the gods wilt thou send dread wrath. But and if he be dear to thee, and thine heart be grieved, suffer thou him verily to be slain in the fierce conflict beneath the hands of Patroclus, son of Menoetius; but when his soul and life have left him, then send thou Death and sweet Sleep to bear him away until they come to the land of wide Lycia; and there shall his brethren and his kinsfolk give him burial with mound and pillar; for this is the due of the dead.
αἰνότατε Κρονίδη ποῖον τὸν μῦθον ἔειπες. ἄνδρα θνητὸν ἐόντα πάλαι πεπρωμένον αἴσῃ ἂψ ἐθέλεις θανάτοιο δυσηχέος ἐξαναλῦσαι; ἔρδʼ· ἀτὰρ οὔ τοι πάντες ἐπαινέομεν θεοὶ ἄλλοι. ἄλλο δέ τοι ἐρέω, σὺ δʼ ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσιν· αἴ κε ζὼν πέμψῃς Σαρπηδόνα ὃν δὲ δόμον δέ, φράζεο μή τις ἔπειτα θεῶν ἐθέλῃσι καὶ ἄλλος πέμπειν ὃν φίλον υἱὸν ἀπὸ κρατερῆς ὑσμίνης· πολλοὶ γὰρ περὶ ἄστυ μέγα Πριάμοιο μάχονται υἱέες ἀθανάτων, τοῖσιν κότον αἰνὸν ἐνήσεις. ἀλλʼ εἴ τοι φίλος ἐστί, τεὸν δʼ ὀλοφύρεται ἦτορ, ἤτοι μέν μιν ἔασον ἐνὶ κρατερῇ ὑσμίνῃ χέρσʼ ὕπο Πατρόκλοιο Μενοιτιάδαο δαμῆναι· αὐτὰρ ἐπὴν δὴ τόν γε λίπῃ ψυχή τε καὶ αἰών, πέμπειν μιν θάνατόν τε φέρειν καὶ νήδυμον ὕπνον εἰς κε δὴ Λυκίης εὐρείης δῆμον ἵκωνται, ἔνθά ταρχύσουσι κασίγνητοί τε ἔται τε τύμβῳ τε στήλῃ τε· τὸ γὰρ γέρας ἐστὶ θανόντων.
Hera to Zeus · divine
Lines 361–367
in twofold wise, for that I am eldest and am called thy wife, and thou art king among all the immortals—how was I not in my wrath against the Trojans to devise against them evil?
αἰνότατε Κρονίδη ποῖον τὸν μῦθον ἔειπες. καὶ μὲν δή πού τις μέλλει βροτὸς ἀνδρὶ τελέσσαι, ὅς περ θνητός τʼ ἐστὶ καὶ οὐ τόσα μήδεα οἶδε· πῶς δὴ ἔγωγʼ, φημι θεάων ἔμμεν ἀρίστη, ἀμφότερον γενεῇ τε καὶ οὕνεκα σὴ παράκοιτις κέκλημαι, σὺ δὲ πᾶσι μετʼ ἀθανάτοισιν ἀνάσσεις, οὐκ ὄφελον Τρώεσσι κοτεσσαμένη κακὰ ῥάψαι;
Hera to Zeus · divine
Lines 107–111
whoso this day shall fall between a woman's feet, even one of those men who are of the blood of thy stock.’ So spake she; howbeit Zeus in no wise marked her craftiness, but sware a great oath, and therewithal was blinded sore.
ψευστήσεις, οὐδʼ αὖτε τέλος μύθῳ ἐπιθήσεις. εἰ δʼ ἄγε νῦν μοι ὄμοσσον Ὀλύμπιε καρτερὸν ὅρκον, μὲν τὸν πάντεσσι περικτιόνεσσιν ἀνάξειν ὅς κεν ἐπʼ ἤματι τῷδε πέσῃ μετὰ ποσσὶ γυναικὸς τῶν ἀνδρῶν οἳ σῆς ἐξ αἵματός εἰσι γενέθλης.
Hera to Zeus · divine
Lines 121–124
Ζεῦ πάτερ ἀργικέραυνε ἔπος τί τοι ἐν φρεσὶ θήσω· ἤδη ἀνὴρ γέγονʼ ἐσθλὸς ὃς Ἀργείοισιν ἀνάξει Εὐρυσθεὺς Σθενέλοιο πάϊς Περσηϊάδαο σὸν γένος· οὔ οἱ ἀεικὲς ἀνασσέμεν Ἀργείοισιν.
Lines 115–131
Consider within your hearts, ye twain, O Poseidon and Athene, how these things are to be. Lo, here is Aeneas, gone forth, harnessed in flaming bronze, to face the son of Peleus, and it is Phoebus Apollo that hath set him on.Come ye then, let us turn him back forthwith; or else thereafter let one of us stand likewise by Achilles' side, and give him great might, and suffer not the heart in his breast anywise to fail; to the end that he may know that they that love him are the best of the immortals, and those are worthless as wind, that hitherto have warded from the Trojans war and battle.All we are come down from Olympus to mingle in this battle, that Achilles take no hurt among the Trojans for this days' space; but thereafter shall he suffer whatever Fate spun for him with her thread at his birth, when his mother bare him. But if Achilles learn not this from some voice of the gods,he shall have dread hereafter when some god shall come against him in battle; for hard are the gods to look upon when they appear in manifest presence. Then Poseidon, the Shaker of Earth, answered her: Hera, be not thou wroth beyond what is wise; thou needest not at all. I verily were not fain to make gods clashwith gods in strife. Nay, for our part let us rather go apart from the track unto some place of outlook, and sit us there, and war shall be for men. But if so be Ares or Phoebus Apollo shall make beginning of fight, or shall keep Achilles in check and suffer him not to do battle,then forthwith from us likewise shall the strife of war arise; and right soon, methinks, shall they separate them from the battle and hie them back to Olympus, to the gathering of the other gods, vanquished beneath our hands perforce. Come ye then, let us turn him back forthwith; or else thereafter let one of us stand likewise by Achilles' side, and give him great might, and suffer not the heart in his breast anywise to fail; to the end that he may know that they that love him are the best of the immortals, and those are worthless as wind, that hitherto have warded from the Trojans war and battle. All we are come down from Olympus to mingle in this battle, that Achilles take no hurt among the Trojans for this days' space; but thereafter shall he suffer whatever Fate spun for him with her thread at his birth, when his mother bare him. But if Achilles learn not this from some voice of the gods, he shall have dread hereafter when some god shall come against him in battle; for hard are the gods to look upon when they appear in manifest presence.
φράζεσθον δὴ σφῶϊ Ποσείδαον καὶ Ἀθήνη ἐν φρεσὶν ὑμετέρῃσιν, ὅπως ἔσται τάδε ἔργα. Αἰνείας ὅδʼ ἔβη κεκορυθμένος αἴθοπι χαλκῷ ἀντία Πηλεΐωνος, ἀνῆκε δὲ Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων. ἀλλʼ ἄγεθʼ, ἡμεῖς πέρ μιν ἀποτρωπῶμεν ὀπίσσω αὐτόθεν· τις ἔπειτα καὶ ἡμείων Ἀχιλῆϊ παρσταίη, δοίη δὲ κράτος μέγα, μηδέ τι θυμῷ δευέσθω, ἵνα εἰδῇ μιν φιλέουσιν ἄριστοι ἀθανάτων, οἳ δʼ αὖτʼ ἀνεμώλιοι οἳ τὸ πάρος περ Τρωσὶν ἀμύνουσιν πόλεμον καὶ δηϊοτῆτα. πάντες δʼ Οὐλύμποιο κατήλθομεν ἀντιόωντες τῆσδε μάχης, ἵνα μή τι μετὰ Τρώεσσι πάθῃσι σήμερον· ὕστερον αὖτε τὰ πείσεται ἅσσά οἱ αἶσα γιγνομένῳ ἐπένησε λίνῳ ὅτε μιν τέκε μήτηρ. εἰ δʼ Ἀχιλεὺς οὐ ταῦτα θεῶν ἐκ πεύσεται ὀμφῆς δείσετʼ ἔπειθʼ, ὅτε κέν τις ἐναντίβιον θεὸς ἔλθῃ ἐν πολέμῳ· χαλεποὶ δὲ θεοὶ φαίνεσθαι ἐναργεῖς.
Lattimore commentary
From Hera’s speech, it is clear that the theomakhia (Battle of the Gods) has taken on a very human element of competition, to show which ones are highest of the immortals (aristoi). Yet another view of mortality: Destiny (also translated as Fate: the Greek here has aisa, “portion,” synonymous with moira, “share”) is said to have spun a thread of a certain length corresponding to one’s allotted span of life. In other sources, three Moirai (Klotho, Lachesis, and Atropos) are responsible, respectively, for spinning, measuring, and cutting off the lifethread.
Hera to Poseidon · divine
Lines 310–317
Shaker of Earth, of thine own self take counsel in thine heart as touching Aeneas, whether thou wilt save him or suffer him to be slain for all his valour by Achilles, Peleus' son. We twain verily, even Pallas Athene and I,have sworn oaths full many among the immortals never to ward off from the Trojans the day of evil, nay, not when all Troy shall burn in the burning of consuming fire, and the warlike sons of the Achaeans shall be the burners thereof. Now when Poseidon, the Shaker of Earth, heard this, he went his way amid the battle and the hurtling of spears, have sworn oaths full many among the immortals never to ward off from the Trojans the day of evil, nay, not when all Troy shall burn in the burning of consuming fire, and the warlike sons of the Achaeans shall be the burners thereof.
ἐννοσίγαιʼ, αὐτὸς σὺ μετὰ φρεσὶ σῇσι νόησον Αἰνείαν κέν μιν ἐρύσσεαι κεν ἐάσῃς Πηλεΐδῃ Ἀχιλῆϊ δαμήμεναι, ἐσθλὸν ἐόντα. ἤτοι μὲν γὰρ νῶϊ πολέας ὠμόσσαμεν ὅρκους πᾶσι μετʼ ἀθανάτοισιν ἐγὼ καὶ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη μή ποτʼ ἐπὶ Τρώεσσιν ἀλεξήσειν κακὸν ἦμαρ, μηδʼ ὁπότʼ ἂν Τροίη μαλερῷ πυρὶ πᾶσα δάηται καιομένη, καίωσι δʼ ἀρήϊοι υἷες Ἀχαιῶν.
Hera to Hephaestus · divine
Lines 331–341
But I will hasten and rouse from the sea a fierce blast of the West Wind and the white South, that shall utterly consume the dead Trojans and their battle gear, ever driving on the evil flame; and do thou along the banks of Xanthus burn up his trees, and beset him about with fire, nor let him anywise turn thee back with soft words or with threatenings; neither stay thou thy fury, save only when I call to thee with a shout; then do thou stay thy unwearied fire.
ὄρσεο κυλλοπόδιον ἐμὸν τέκος· ἄντα σέθεν γὰρ Ξάνθον δινήεντα μάχῃ ἠΐσκομεν εἶναι· ἀλλʼ ἐπάμυνε τάχιστα, πιφαύσκεο δὲ φλόγα πολλήν. αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ Ζεφύροιο καὶ ἀργεστᾶο Νότοιο εἴσομαι ἐξ ἁλόθεν χαλεπὴν ὄρσουσα θύελλαν, κεν ἀπὸ Τρώων κεφαλὰς καὶ τεύχεα κήαι φλέγμα κακὸν φορέουσα· σὺ δὲ Ξάνθοιο παρʼ ὄχθας δένδρεα καῖʼ, ἐν δʼ αὐτὸν ἵει πυρί· μὴ δέ σε πάμπαν μειλιχίοις ἐπέεσσιν ἀποτρεπέτω καὶ ἀρειῇ· μὴ δὲ πρὶν ἀπόπαυε τεὸν μένος, ἀλλʼ ὁπότʼ ἂν δὴ φθέγξομʼ ἐγὼν ἰάχουσα, τότε σχεῖν ἀκάματον πῦρ.
Hera to Hephaestus · divine
Lines 379–380
thus to smite an immortal god for mortals' sake.
Ἥφαιστε σχέο τέκνον ἀγακλεές· οὐ γὰρ ἔοικεν ἀθάνατον θεὸν ὧδε βροτῶν ἕνεκα στυφελίζειν.
Hera to Athena · divine
Lines 420–422
Out upon it, thou child of Zeus that beareth the aegis, unwearied one, lo, there again the dog-fly is leading Ares, the bane of mortals, forth from the fury of war amid the throng; nay, have after her. So spake she, and Athene sped in pursuit, glad at heart, and rushing upon her she smote Aphrodite on the breast with her stout hand;
πόποι αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς τέκος Ἀτρυτώνη καὶ δʼ αὖθʼ κυνάμυια ἄγει βροτολοιγὸν Ἄρηα δηΐου ἐκ πολέμοιο κατὰ κλόνον· ἀλλὰ μέτελθε.
Hera to Artemis · divine
Lines 481–488
In good sooth it is better on the mountains to be slaying beasts and wild deer than to fight amain with those mightier than thou. Howbeit if thou wilt, learn thou of war, that thou mayest know full well how much mightier am I, seeing thou matchest thy strength with mine.
πῶς δὲ σὺ νῦν μέμονας κύον ἀδεὲς ἀντίʼ ἐμεῖο στήσεσθαι; χαλεπή τοι ἐγὼ μένος ἀντιφέρεσθαι τοξοφόρῳ περ ἐούσῃ, ἐπεὶ σὲ λέοντα γυναιξὶ Ζεὺς θῆκεν, καὶ ἔδωκε κατακτάμεν ἥν κʼ ἐθέλῃσθα. ἤτοι βέλτερόν ἐστι κατʼ οὔρεα θῆρας ἐναίρειν ἀγροτέρας τʼ ἐλάφους κρείσσοσιν ἶφι μάχεσθαι. εἰ δʼ ἐθέλεις πολέμοιο δαήμεναι, ὄφρʼ ἐῢ εἰδῇς ὅσσον φερτέρη εἴμʼ, ὅτι μοι μένος ἀντιφερίζεις.
Lattimore commentary
A woman’s death in illness or childbirth could be said to have been caused by arrows shot by Artemis. The usage may be connected with the goddess’s imagined role in symbolic mock “killing” of girls during initiation rituals. The sacrifice of Iphigeneia to Artemis, enabling the Greek expedition to set sail at Aulis (an event ignored by the Iliad), has been tied to such an initiatory motif.
Hera to Apollo · divine
Lines 56–63
fostered and reared, and gave to a warrior to be his wife, even to Peleus, who was heartily dear to the immortals. And all of you, O ye gods, came to her marriage, and among them thyself too didst sit at the feast, thy lyre in thy hand, O thou friend of evil-doers, faithless ever.
εἴη κεν καὶ τοῦτο τεὸν ἔπος ἀργυρότοξε εἰ δὴ ὁμὴν Ἀχιλῆϊ καὶ Ἕκτορι θήσετε τιμήν. Ἕκτωρ μὲν θνητός τε γυναῖκά τε θήσατο μαζόν· αὐτὰρ Ἀχιλλεύς ἐστι θεᾶς γόνος, ἣν ἐγὼ αὐτὴ θρέψά τε καὶ ἀτίτηλα καὶ ἀνδρὶ πόρον παράκοιτιν Πηλέϊ, ὃς περὶ κῆρι φίλος γένετʼ ἀθανάτοισι. πάντες δʼ ἀντιάασθε θεοὶ γάμου· ἐν δὲ σὺ τοῖσι δαίνυʼ ἔχων φόρμιγγα κακῶν ἕταρʼ, αἰὲν ἄπιστε.
Lattimore commentary
Hera’s close relationship with Thetis, not previously disclosed, gives further motivation for her favoring attitude here (though it was ignored in book 1). Apollo’s betrayal of Achilleus, whose good fortune he had predicted at the wedding of Thetis and Peleus, was recalled bitterly in a speech by Thetis that survives from a lost drama of Aeschylus. If the prophecy motif is as old as Homer, the audience will hear even more point in Hera’s denigration of the god as “faithless” here (63).