Seba.Health

Hecuba

Mortal · 6 speeches

Psychological Vocabulary

All Speeches (6)

Lines 254–262
Of a surety the sons of the Achaeans, of evil name, are pressing sore upon thee as they fight about our city, and thy heart hath bid thee come hitherward and lift up thy hands to Zeus from the citadel. But stay till I have brought thee honey-sweet wine that thou mayest pour libation to Zeus and the other immortals first, and then shalt thou thyself have profit thereof, if so be thou wilt drink. When a man is spent with toil wine greatly maketh his strength to wax, even as thou art spent with defending thy fellows.
τέκνον τίπτε λιπὼν πόλεμον θρασὺν εἰλήλουθας; μάλα δὴ τείρουσι δυσώνυμοι υἷες Ἀχαιῶν μαρνάμενοι περὶ ἄστυ· σὲ δʼ ἐνθάδε θυμὸς ἀνῆκεν ἐλθόντʼ ἐξ ἄκρης πόλιος Διὶ χεῖρας ἀνασχεῖν. ἀλλὰ μένʼ ὄφρά κέ τοι μελιηδέα οἶνον ἐνείκω, ὡς σπείσῃς Διὶ πατρὶ καὶ ἄλλοις ἀθανάτοισι πρῶτον, ἔπειτα δὲ καὐτὸς ὀνήσεαι αἴ κε πίῃσθα. ἀνδρὶ δὲ κεκμηῶτι μένος μέγα οἶνος ἀέξει, ὡς τύνη κέκμηκας ἀμύνων σοῖσιν ἔτῃσι.
Lattimore commentary
Hekabē is convincingly sketched as a doting mother, whose conjectures about Hektor’s motives (that he was exhausted from the fighting, that he wanted to pray to Zeus) the audience already knows are wrong. Hektor’s piety is embodied in the concern for ritual purity.
Lines 82–89
from within the wall, neither stand thou forth to face him. Cruel is he; for if so be he shay thee, never shall I lay thee on a bier and bewail thee, dear plant, born of mine own self, nay, nor shall thy bounteous wife; but far away from us by the ships of the Argives shall swift dogs devour thee.
Ἕκτορ τέκνον ἐμὸν τάδε τʼ αἴδεο καί μʼ ἐλέησον αὐτήν, εἴ ποτέ τοι λαθικηδέα μαζὸν ἐπέσχον· τῶν μνῆσαι φίλε τέκνον ἄμυνε δὲ δήϊον ἄνδρα τείχεος ἐντὸς ἐών, μὴ δὲ πρόμος ἵστασο τούτῳ σχέτλιος· εἴ περ γάρ σε κατακτάνῃ, οὔ σʼ ἔτʼ ἔγωγε κλαύσομαι ἐν λεχέεσσι φίλον θάλος, ὃν τέκον αὐτή, οὐδʼ ἄλοχος πολύδωρος· ἄνευθε δέ σε μέγα νῶϊν Ἀργείων παρὰ νηυσὶ κύνες ταχέες κατέδονται.
Lines 431–436
for verily thou wast to them a glory exceeding great, while yet thou livedst; but now death and fate are come upon thee.
τέκνον ἐγὼ δειλή· τί νυ βείομαι αἰνὰ παθοῦσα σεῦ ἀποτεθνηῶτος; μοι νύκτάς τε καὶ ἦμαρ εὐχωλὴ κατὰ ἄστυ πελέσκεο, πᾶσί τʼ ὄνειαρ Τρωσί τε καὶ Τρῳῇσι κατὰ πτόλιν, οἵ σε θεὸν ὣς δειδέχατʼ· γὰρ καί σφι μάλα μέγα κῦδος ἔησθα ζωὸς ἐών· νῦν αὖ θάνατος καὶ μοῖρα κιχάνει.
Lines 201–216
hath slain thy sons, many and valiant? Of iron verily is thy heart. For if so be he get thee in his power and his eyes behold thee, so savage and faithless is the man, he will neither pity thee nor anywise have reverence. Nay, let us now make our lament afar from him we mourn, abiding here in the hall. On this wise for him did mighty Fate spin with her thread at his birth, when myself did bear him, that he should glut swift-footed dogs far from his parents, in the abode of a violent man, in whose inmost heart I were fain to fix my teeth and feed thereon; then haply might deeds of requital be wrought for my son, seeing in no wise while playing the dastard was he slain of him, but while standing forth in defence of the men and deep-bosomed women of Troy, with no thought of shelter or of flight.
μοι πῇ δή τοι φρένες οἴχονθʼ, ᾗς τὸ πάρος περ ἔκλεʼ ἐπʼ ἀνθρώπους ξείνους ἠδʼ οἷσιν ἀνάσσεις; πῶς ἐθέλεις ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν ἐλθέμεν οἶος ἀνδρὸς ἐς ὀφθαλμοὺς ὅς τοι πολέας τε καὶ ἐσθλοὺς υἱέας ἐξενάριξε· σιδήρειόν νύ τοι ἦτορ. εἰ γάρ σʼ αἱρήσει καὶ ἐσόψεται ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὠμηστὴς καὶ ἄπιστος ἀνὴρ γε οὔ σʼ ἐλεήσει, οὐδέ τί σʼ αἰδέσεται. νῦν δὲ κλαίωμεν ἄνευθεν ἥμενοι ἐν μεγάρῳ· τῷ δʼ ὥς ποθι Μοῖρα κραταιὴ γιγνομένῳ ἐπένησε λίνῳ, ὅτε μιν τέκον αὐτή, ἀργίποδας κύνας ἆσαι ἑῶν ἀπάνευθε τοκήων ἀνδρὶ πάρα κρατερῷ, τοῦ ἐγὼ μέσον ἧπαρ ἔχοιμι ἐσθέμεναι προσφῦσα· τότʼ ἄντιτα ἔργα γένοιτο παιδὸς ἐμοῦ, ἐπεὶ οὔ κακιζόμενόν γε κατέκτα, ἀλλὰ πρὸ Τρώων καὶ Τρωϊάδων βαθυκόλπων ἑσταότʼ οὔτε φόβου μεμνημένον οὔτʼ ἀλεωρῆς.
Lines 287–298
Thereafter make thou prayer unto the son of Cronos, lord of the dark chouds, the god of Ida, that looketh down upon all the land of Troy, and ask of him a bird of omen, even the swift messenger that to himself is dearest of birds and is mightiest in strength; let him appear upon thy right hand, to the end that marking the sign with thine own eyes, thou mayest have trust therein, and go thy way to the ships of the Danaans of fleet steeds. But if so be Zeus whose voice is borne afar grant thee not his own messenger, then I of a surety should not urge thee on and bid thee go to the ships of the Argives, how eager soever thou be.
τῆ σπεῖσον Διὶ πατρί, καὶ εὔχεο οἴκαδʼ ἱκέσθαι ἂψ ἐκ δυσμενέων ἀνδρῶν, ἐπεὶ ἂρ σέ γε θυμὸς ὀτρύνει ἐπὶ νῆας ἐμεῖο μὲν οὐκ ἐθελούσης. ἀλλʼ εὔχεο σύ γʼ ἔπειτα κελαινεφέϊ Κρονίωνι Ἰδαίῳ, ὅς τε Τροίην κατὰ πᾶσαν ὁρᾶται, αἴτει δʼ οἰωνὸν ταχὺν ἄγγελον, ὅς τέ οἱ αὐτῷ φίλτατος οἰωνῶν, καί εὑ κράτος ἐστὶ μέγιστον, δεξιόν, ὄφρά μιν αὐτὸς ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσι νοήσας τῷ πίσυνος ἐπὶ νῆας ἴῃς Δαναῶν ταχυπώλων. εἰ δέ τοι οὐ δώσει ἑὸν ἄγγελον εὐρύοπα Ζεύς, οὐκ ἂν ἔγωγέ σʼ ἔπειτα ἐποτρύνουσα κελοίμην νῆας ἐπʼ Ἀργείων ἰέναι μάλα περ μεμαῶτα.
Lattimore commentary
Hekabē’s pious insistence that Priam entreat Zeus for an omen contrasts with her son’s attitude toward bird signs (12.237). Elsewhere, only in the Odyssey are signs elicited (e. g., Od. 20.100). Usually the gods send them unbidden.
Lines 748–759
and therefore have they had care of thee for all thou art in the doom of death. For of other sons of mine whomsoever he took would swift-footed Achilles sell beyond the unresting sea, unto Samos and Imbros and Lemnos, shrouded in smoke, but, when from thee he had taken away thy life with the long-edged bronze oft would he drag thee about the barrow of his comrade, Patroclus, whom thou didst slay; howbeit even so might he not raise him up. But now all dewy-fresh thou liest in my halls as wert thou newly slain, like as one whom Apollo of the silver bow assaileth with his gentle shafts and slayeth.
Ἕκτορ ἐμῷ θυμῷ πάντων πολὺ φίλτατε παίδων, μέν μοι ζωός περ ἐὼν φίλος ἦσθα θεοῖσιν· οἳ δʼ ἄρα σεῦ κήδοντο καὶ ἐν θανάτοιό περ αἴσῃ. ἄλλους μὲν γὰρ παῖδας ἐμοὺς πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεὺς πέρνασχʼ ὅν τινʼ ἕλεσκε πέρην ἁλὸς ἀτρυγέτοιο, ἐς Σάμον ἔς τʼ Ἴμβρον καὶ Λῆμνον ἀμιχθαλόεσσαν· σεῦ δʼ ἐπεὶ ἐξέλετο ψυχὴν ταναήκεϊ χαλκῷ, πολλὰ ῥυστάζεσκεν ἑοῦ περὶ σῆμʼ ἑτάροιο Πατρόκλου, τὸν ἔπεφνες· ἀνέστησεν δέ μιν οὐδʼ ὧς. νῦν δέ μοι ἑρσήεις καὶ πρόσφατος ἐν μεγάροισι κεῖσαι, τῷ ἴκελος ὅν τʼ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων οἷς ἀγανοῖσι βέλεσσιν ἐποιχόμενος κατέπεφνεν.