Seba.Health

Diomedes

Mortal · 26 speeches

Psychological Vocabulary

All Speeches (26)

Lines 412–418
for upon him will great glory attend if the Achaeans shall slay the Trojans and take sacred Ilios, and upon him likewise will fall great sorrow, if the Achaeans be slain. Nay, come, let us twain also bethink us of furious valour.
τέττα, σιωπῇ ἧσο, ἐμῷ δʼ ἐπιπείθεο μύθῳ· οὐ γὰρ ἐγὼ νεμεσῶ Ἀγαμέμνονι ποιμένι λαῶν ὀτρύνοντι μάχεσθαι ἐϋκνήμιδας Ἀχαιούς· τούτῳ μὲν γὰρ κῦδος ἅμʼ ἕψεται εἴ κεν Ἀχαιοὶ Τρῶας δῃώσωσιν ἕλωσί τε Ἴλιον ἱρήν, τούτῳ δʼ αὖ μέγα πένθος Ἀχαιῶν δῃωθέντων. ἀλλʼ ἄγε δὴ καὶ νῶϊ μεδώμεθα θούριδος ἀλκῆς.
Lines 109–110
that thou mayest draw forth from my shoulder the bitter arrow.
ὄρσο πέπον Καπανηϊάδη, καταβήσεο δίφρου, ὄφρά μοι ἐξ ὤμοιο ἐρύσσῃς πικρὸν ὀϊστόν.
Lines 115–120
Hear me, child of Zeus that beareth the aegis, unwearied one! If ever with kindly thought thou stoodest by my father's side amid the fury of battle, even so do thou now be likewise kind to me, Athene. Grant that I may slay this man, and that he come within the cast of my spear, that hath smitten me or ever I was ware of him, and boasteth over me,and declareth that not for long shall I behold the bright light of the sun. and declareth that not for long shall I behold the bright light of the sun.
κλῦθί μευ αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς τέκος Ἀτρυτώνη, εἴ ποτέ μοι καὶ πατρὶ φίλα φρονέουσα παρέστης δηΐῳ ἐν πολέμῳ, νῦν αὖτʼ ἐμὲ φῖλαι Ἀθήνη· δὸς δέ τέ μʼ ἄνδρα ἑλεῖν καὶ ἐς ὁρμὴν ἔγχεος ἐλθεῖν ὅς μʼ ἔβαλε φθάμενος καὶ ἐπεύχεται, οὐδέ μέ φησι δηρὸν ἔτʼ ὄψεσθαι λαμπρὸν φάος ἠελίοιο.
Lines 252–273
And I have no mind to mount upon a car, but even as I am will I go to face them; that I should quail Pallas Athene suffereth not. As for these twain, their swift horses shall not bear both back from us again, even if one or the other escape. And another thing will I tell thee, and do thou lay it to heart. If so be Athene, rich in counsel, shall vouchsafe me this glory, to slay them both, then do thou hold here these swift horses, binding the reins taut to the chariot rim; but be mindful to rush upon the horses of Aeneas and drive them forth from the Trojans to the host of the well-greaved Achaeans. For they are of that stock wherefrom Zeus, whose voice is borne afar, gave to Tros recompense for his son Ganymedes, for that they were the best of all horses that are beneath the dawn and the sun. Of this stock the king of men Anchises stole a breed, putting his mares to them while Laomedon knew naught thereof. And from these a stock of six was born him in his palace; four he kept himself and reared at the stall, and the other two he gave to Aeneas, devisers of rout.215.1 Could we but take these twain, we should win us goodly renown.
μή τι φόβον δʼ ἀγόρευʼ, ἐπεὶ οὐδὲ σὲ πεισέμεν οἴω. οὐ γάρ μοι γενναῖον ἀλυσκάζοντι μάχεσθαι οὐδὲ καταπτώσσειν· ἔτι μοι μένος ἔμπεδόν ἐστιν· ὀκνείω δʼ ἵππων ἐπιβαινέμεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὔτως ἀντίον εἶμʼ αὐτῶν· τρεῖν μʼ οὐκ ἐᾷ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη. τούτω δʼ οὐ πάλιν αὖτις ἀποίσετον ὠκέες ἵπποι ἄμφω ἀφʼ ἡμείων, εἴ γʼ οὖν ἕτερός γε φύγῃσιν. ἄλλο δέ τοι ἐρέω, σὺ δʼ ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσιν· αἴ κέν μοι πολύβουλος Ἀθήνη κῦδος ὀρέξῃ ἀμφοτέρω κτεῖναι, σὺ δὲ τούσδε μὲν ὠκέας ἵππους αὐτοῦ ἐρυκακέειν ἐξ ἄντυγος ἡνία τείνας, Αἰνείαο δʼ ἐπαΐξαι μεμνημένος ἵππων, ἐκ δʼ ἐλάσαι Τρώων μετʼ ἐϋκνήμιδας Ἀχαιούς. τῆς γάρ τοι γενεῆς ἧς Τρωΐ περ εὐρύοπα Ζεὺς δῶχʼ υἷος ποινὴν Γανυμήδεος, οὕνεκʼ ἄριστοι ἵππων ὅσσοι ἔασιν ὑπʼ ἠῶ τʼ ἠέλιόν τε, τῆς γενεῆς ἔκλεψεν ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγχίσης λάθρῃ Λαομέδοντος ὑποσχὼν θήλεας ἵππους· τῶν οἱ ἓξ ἐγένοντο ἐνὶ μεγάροισι γενέθλη. τοὺς μὲν τέσσαρας αὐτὸς ἔχων ἀτίταλλʼ ἐπὶ φάτνῃ, τὼ δὲ δύʼ Αἰνείᾳ δῶκεν μήστωρε φόβοιο. εἰ τούτω κε λάβοιμεν, ἀροίμεθά κε κλέος ἐσθλόν.
Lattimore commentary
Ganymede, on account of his surpassing beauty, was taken by the gods to serve on Olympos as Zeus’ wine-pourer (as Aineias explains in 20.234). The divine horses given as compensation to the boy’s father Tros were passed down to Tros’ grandson Laomedon. Anchises, the father of Aineias, was the son of Laomedon’s cousin.
Lines 287–289
ἤμβροτες οὐδʼ ἔτυχες· ἀτὰρ οὐ μὲν σφῶΐ γʼ ὀΐω πρίν γʼ ἀποπαύσεσθαι πρίν γʼ ἕτερόν γε πεσόντα αἵματος ἆσαι Ἄρηα, ταλαύρινον πολεμιστήν.
Lines 348–351
But if into battle thou wilt enter, verily methinks thou shalt shudder at the name thereof, if thou hearest it even from afar.
εἶκε Διὸς θύγατερ πολέμου καὶ δηϊοτῆτος· οὐχ ἅλις ὅττι γυναῖκας ἀνάλκιδας ἠπεροπεύεις; εἰ δὲ σύ γʼ ἐς πόλεμον πωλήσεαι, τέ σʼ ὀΐω ῥιγήσειν πόλεμόν γε καὶ εἴ χʼ ἑτέρωθι πύθηαι.
Lattimore commentary
Diomedes’ remark probably alludes to Helen’s ongoing subordination to the goddess: see 3.413.
Lines 601–606
But with faces turned toward the Trojans give ye ground ever backwards, neither rage ye to fight amain with gods.
φίλοι οἷον δὴ θαυμάζομεν Ἕκτορα δῖον αἰχμητήν τʼ ἔμεναι καὶ θαρσαλέον πολεμιστήν· τῷ δʼ αἰεὶ πάρα εἷς γε θεῶν, ὃς λοιγὸν ἀμύνει· καὶ νῦν οἱ πάρα κεῖνος Ἄρης βροτῷ ἀνδρὶ ἐοικώς. ἀλλὰ πρὸς Τρῶας τετραμμένοι αἰὲν ὀπίσσω εἴκετε, μηδὲ θεοῖς μενεαινέμεν ἶφι μάχεσθαι.
Lattimore commentary
Athene’s gift of extra sight enables Diomedes to discern the presence of the god of war.
Lines 815–824
I know thee, daughter of Zeus that beareth the aegis; therefore with a ready heart will I tell thee my thought and hide it not. In no wise doth spiritless terror possess me nor any slackness, but I am still mindful of thy behest which thou didst lay upon me. Thou wouldest not suffer me to fight face to face with the other blessed gods,but if Aphrodite the daughter of Zeus should enter the battle, her thou badest me smite with the sharp bronze. Therefore it is that I now give ground myself and have given command to all the rest of the Argives to be gathered here likewise; for I discern Ares lording it over the battle-field. but if Aphrodite the daughter of Zeus should enter the battle, her thou badest me smite with the sharp bronze. Therefore it is that I now give ground myself and have given command to all the rest of the Argives to be gathered here likewise; for I discern Ares lording it over the battle-field.
γιγνώσκω σε θεὰ θύγατερ Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο· τώ τοι προφρονέως ἐρέω ἔπος οὐδʼ ἐπικεύσω. οὔτέ τί με δέος ἴσχει ἀκήριον οὔτέ τις ὄκνος, ἀλλʼ ἔτι σέων μέμνημαι ἐφετμέων ἃς ἐπέτειλας· οὔ μʼ εἴας μακάρεσσι θεοῖς ἀντικρὺ μάχεσθαι τοῖς ἄλλοις· ἀτὰρ εἴ κε Διὸς θυγάτηρ Ἀφροδίτη ἔλθῃσʼ ἐς πόλεμον, τήν γʼ οὐτάμεν ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ. τοὔνεκα νῦν αὐτός τʼ ἀναχάζομαι ἠδὲ καὶ ἄλλους Ἀργείους ἐκέλευσα ἀλήμεναι ἐνθάδε πάντας· γιγνώσκω γὰρ Ἄρηα μάχην ἀνὰ κοιρανέοντα.
Lines 123–143
until this day, but now hast thou come forth far in advance of all in thy hardihood, in that thou abidest my far-shadowing spear. Unhappy are they whose children face my might. But and if thou art one of the immortals come down from heaven, then will I not fight with the heavenly gods. Nay, for even the son of Dryas, mighty Lycurgus, lived not long, seeing that he strove with heavenly gods—he that on a time drave down over the sacred mount of Nysa the nursing mothers of mad Dionysus; and they all let fall to the ground their wands, smitten with an ox-goad by man-slaying Lycurgus. But Dionysus fled, and plunged beneath the wave of the sea, and Thetis received him in her bosom, filled with dread, for mighty terror gat hold of him at the man's threatenings. Then against Lycurgus did the gods that live at ease wax wroth, and the son of Cronos made him blind; and he lived not for long, seeing that he was hated of all the immortal gods. So would not I be minded to fight against the blessed gods. But if thou art of men, who eat the fruit of the field, draw nigh, that thou mayest the sooner enter the toils of destruction.
τίς δὲ σύ ἐσσι φέριστε καταθνητῶν ἀνθρώπων; οὐ μὲν γάρ ποτʼ ὄπωπα μάχῃ ἔνι κυδιανείρῃ τὸ πρίν· ἀτὰρ μὲν νῦν γε πολὺ προβέβηκας ἁπάντων σῷ θάρσει, τʼ ἐμὸν δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος ἔμεινας· δυστήνων δέ τε παῖδες ἐμῷ μένει ἀντιόωσιν. εἰ δέ τις ἀθανάτων γε κατʼ οὐρανοῦ εἰλήλουθας, οὐκ ἂν ἔγωγε θεοῖσιν ἐπουρανίοισι μαχοίμην. οὐδὲ γὰρ οὐδὲ Δρύαντος υἱὸς κρατερὸς Λυκόοργος δὴν ἦν, ὅς ῥα θεοῖσιν ἐπουρανίοισιν ἔριζεν· ὅς ποτε μαινομένοιο Διωνύσοιο τιθήνας σεῦε κατʼ ἠγάθεον Νυσήϊον· αἳ δʼ ἅμα πᾶσαι θύσθλα χαμαὶ κατέχευαν ὑπʼ ἀνδροφόνοιο Λυκούργου θεινόμεναι βουπλῆγι· Διώνυσος δὲ φοβηθεὶς δύσεθʼ ἁλὸς κατὰ κῦμα, Θέτις δʼ ὑπεδέξατο κόλπῳ δειδιότα· κρατερὸς γὰρ ἔχε τρόμος ἀνδρὸς ὁμοκλῇ. τῷ μὲν ἔπειτʼ ὀδύσαντο θεοὶ ῥεῖα ζώοντες, καί μιν τυφλὸν ἔθηκε Κρόνου πάϊς· οὐδʼ ἄρʼ ἔτι δὴν ἦν, ἐπεὶ ἀθανάτοισιν ἀπήχθετο πᾶσι θεοῖσιν· οὐδʼ ἂν ἐγὼ μακάρεσσι θεοῖς ἐθέλοιμι μάχεσθαι. εἰ δέ τίς ἐσσι βροτῶν οἳ ἀρούρης καρπὸν ἔδουσιν, ἆσσον ἴθʼ ὥς κεν θᾶσσον ὀλέθρου πείραθʼ ἵκηαι.
Lattimore commentary
Diomedes’ tough talk is intended to diminish his opponent, and therefore we can read his questioning (whether Glaukos has divine status) as highly ironic, rather than as contradicting his special temporary capacity to detect gods. The tale of Lykourgos is one of many such stories about misdirected rejections of Dionysos, the most famous of which underlies Euripides’ Bacchae. In the current analogy, Diomedes professes fear of resembling Lykourgos, but his focus on Dionysos’ flight seems like a taunt directed toward Glaukos.
Lines 215–231
Verily now art thou a friend of my father's house from of old: for goodly Oeneus on a time entertained peerless Bellerophon in his halls, and kept him twenty days; and moreover they gave one to the other fair gifts of friendship. Oeneus gave a belt bright with scarlet,and Bellerophon a double cup of gold which I left in my palace as I came hither. But Tydeus I remember not, seeing I was but a little child when he left, what time the host of the Achaeans perished at Thebes. Therefore now am I a dear guest-friend to thee in the midst of Argos,and thou to me in Lycia, whenso I journey to the land of that folk. So let us shun one another's spears even amid the throng; full many there be for me to slay, both Trojans and famed allies, whomsoever a god shall grant me and my feet overtake;and many Achaeans again for thee to slay whomsoever thou canst. And let us make exchange of armour, each with the other, that these men too may know that we declare ourselves to be friends from our fathers' days. and Bellerophon a double cup of gold which I left in my palace as I came hither. But Tydeus I remember not, seeing I was but a little child when he left, what time the host of the Achaeans perished at Thebes. Therefore now am I a dear guest-friend to thee in the midst of Argos, and thou to me in Lycia, whenso I journey to the land of that folk. So let us shun one another's spears even amid the throng; full many there be for me to slay, both Trojans and famed allies, whomsoever a god shall grant me and my feet overtake; and many Achaeans again for thee to slay whomsoever thou canst. And let us make exchange of armour, each with the other, that these men too may know that we declare ourselves to be friends from our fathers' days.
ῥά νύ μοι ξεῖνος πατρώϊός ἐσσι παλαιός· Οἰνεὺς γάρ ποτε δῖος ἀμύμονα Βελλεροφόντην ξείνισʼ ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἐείκοσιν ἤματʼ ἐρύξας· οἳ δὲ καὶ ἀλλήλοισι πόρον ξεινήϊα καλά· Οἰνεὺς μὲν ζωστῆρα δίδου φοίνικι φαεινόν, Βελλεροφόντης δὲ χρύσεον δέπας ἀμφικύπελλον καί μιν ἐγὼ κατέλειπον ἰὼν ἐν δώμασʼ ἐμοῖσι. Τυδέα δʼ οὐ μέμνημαι, ἐπεί μʼ ἔτι τυτθὸν ἐόντα κάλλιφʼ, ὅτʼ ἐν Θήβῃσιν ἀπώλετο λαὸς Ἀχαιῶν. τὼ νῦν σοὶ μὲν ἐγὼ ξεῖνος φίλος Ἄργεϊ μέσσῳ εἰμί, σὺ δʼ ἐν Λυκίῃ ὅτε κεν τῶν δῆμον ἵκωμαι. ἔγχεα δʼ ἀλλήλων ἀλεώμεθα καὶ διʼ ὁμίλου· πολλοὶ μὲν γὰρ ἐμοὶ Τρῶες κλειτοί τʼ ἐπίκουροι κτείνειν ὅν κε θεός γε πόρῃ καὶ ποσσὶ κιχείω, πολλοὶ δʼ αὖ σοὶ Ἀχαιοὶ ἐναιρέμεν ὅν κε δύνηαι. τεύχεα δʼ ἀλλήλοις ἐπαμείψομεν, ὄφρα καὶ οἵδε γνῶσιν ὅτι ξεῖνοι πατρώϊοι εὐχόμεθʼ εἶναι.
Lattimore commentary
The connection of Glaukos with a leading Greek clan is not what prompts the offer of friendship from Diomedes. Instead, it is the (alleged) guest-friendship (xenia) of their grandfathers. A cynic might read Diomedes’ whole tale as a devious ploy to wrest gold armor from his innocent opponent. Most critics see the episode as a sincere, humane interlude amid mutual slaughter. Either way, Diomedes has benefited from the iron-clad rules of exchange, which ignore asymmetry of gifts.
Lines 400–402
Let no man now accept the treasure from Alexander, nay, nor Helen; known is it, even to him who hath no wit at all, that now the cords of destruction are made fast upon the Trojans. So spake he, and all the sons of the Achaeans shouted aloud, applauding the saying of Diomedes, tamer of horses.
μήτʼ ἄρ τις νῦν κτήματʼ Ἀλεξάνδροιο δεχέσθω μήθʼ Ἑλένην· γνωτὸν δὲ καὶ ὃς μάλα νήπιός ἐστιν ὡς ἤδη Τρώεσσιν ὀλέθρου πείρατʼ ἐφῆπται.
Lines 93–96
Let it not be that as thou fleest some man plant his spear in thy back. Nay, hold thy ground, that we may thrust back from old Nestor this wild warrior.
διογενὲς Λαερτιάδη πολυμήχανʼ Ὀδυσσεῦ πῇ φεύγεις μετὰ νῶτα βαλὼν κακὸς ὣς ἐν ὁμίλῳ; μή τίς τοι φεύγοντι μεταφρένῳ ἐν δόρυ πήξῃ· ἀλλὰ μένʼ ὄφρα γέροντος ἀπώσομεν ἄγριον ἄνδρα.
Lines 102–111
Nay, come, mount upon my car, that thou mayest see of what sort are the horses of Tros, well skilled to course fleetly hither and thither over the plain whether in pursuit or in flight, even those that once I took from Aeneas, devisers of rout. Thy horses shall our two squires tend, but these twain shall thou and I drive straight against the horse-taming Trojans, that Hector too may know whether my spear also rageth in my hands.
γέρον μάλα δή σε νέοι τείρουσι μαχηταί, σὴ δὲ βίη λέλυται, χαλεπὸν δέ σε γῆρας ὀπάζει, ἠπεδανὸς δέ νύ τοι θεράπων, βραδέες δέ τοι ἵπποι. ἀλλʼ ἄγʼ ἐμῶν ὀχέων ἐπιβήσεο, ὄφρα ἴδηαι οἷοι Τρώϊοι ἵπποι ἐπιστάμενοι πεδίοιο κραιπνὰ μάλʼ ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα διωκέμεν ἠδὲ φέβεσθαι, οὕς ποτʼ ἀπʼ Αἰνείαν ἑλόμην μήστωρε φόβοιο. τούτω μὲν θεράποντε κομείτων, τώδε δὲ νῶϊ Τρωσὶν ἐφʼ ἱπποδάμοις ἰθύνομεν, ὄφρα καὶ Ἕκτωρ εἴσεται εἰ καὶ ἐμὸν δόρυ μαίνεται ἐν παλάμῃσιν.
Lattimore commentary
These are the immortal horses which Aineias’ father got from the gift of the gods to Tros (5.265–73).
Lines 146–150
So shall he some day boast—on that day let the wide earth gape for me.
ναὶ δὴ ταῦτά γε πάντα γέρον κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες· ἀλλὰ τόδʼ αἰνὸν ἄχος κραδίην καὶ θυμὸν ἱκάνει· Ἕκτωρ γάρ ποτε φήσει ἐνὶ Τρώεσσʼ ἀγορεύων· Τυδεΐδης ὑπʼ ἐμεῖο φοβεύμενος ἵκετο νῆας. ὥς ποτʼ ἀπειλήσει· τότε μοι χάνοι εὐρεῖα χθών.
Lines 32–49
and saidst that I was no man of war but a weakling; and all this know the Achaeans both young and old. But as for thee, the son of crooked-counselling Cronos hath endowed thee in divided wise: with the sceptre hath he granted thee to be honoured above all, but valour he gave thee not, wherein is the greatest might. Strange king, dost thou indeed deem that the sons of the Achaeans are thus unwarlike and weaklings as thou sayest? Nay, if thine own heart is eager to return, get thee gone; before thee lies the way, and thy ships stand beside the sea, all the many ships that followed thee from Mycenae. Howbeit the other long-haired Achaeans will abide here until we have laid waste Troy. Nay, let them also flee in their ships to their dear native land; yet will we twain, Sthenelus and I, fight on, until we win the goal of Ilios; for with the aid of heaven are we come.
Ἀτρεΐδη σοὶ πρῶτα μαχήσομαι ἀφραδέοντι, θέμις ἐστὶν ἄναξ ἀγορῇ· σὺ δὲ μή τι χολωθῇς. ἀλκὴν μέν μοι πρῶτον ὀνείδισας ἐν Δαναοῖσι φὰς ἔμεν ἀπτόλεμον καὶ ἀνάλκιδα· ταῦτα δὲ πάντα ἴσασʼ Ἀργείων ἠμὲν νέοι ἠδὲ γέροντες. σοὶ δὲ διάνδιχα δῶκε Κρόνου πάϊς ἀγκυλομήτεω· σκήπτρῳ μέν τοι δῶκε τετιμῆσθαι περὶ πάντων, ἀλκὴν δʼ οὔ τοι δῶκεν, τε κράτος ἐστὶ μέγιστον. δαιμόνιʼ οὕτω που μάλα ἔλπεαι υἷας Ἀχαιῶν ἀπτολέμους τʼ ἔμεναι καὶ ἀνάλκιδας ὡς ἀγορεύεις; εἰ δέ τοι αὐτῷ θυμὸς ἐπέσσυται ὥς τε νέεσθαι ἔρχεο· πάρ τοι ὁδός, νῆες δέ τοι ἄγχι θαλάσσης ἑστᾶσʼ, αἵ τοι ἕποντο Μυκήνηθεν μάλα πολλαί. ἀλλʼ ἄλλοι μενέουσι κάρη κομόωντες Ἀχαιοὶ εἰς κέ περ Τροίην διαπέρσομεν. εἰ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ φευγόντων σὺν νηυσὶ φίλην ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν· νῶϊ δʼ ἐγὼ Σθένελός τε μαχησόμεθʼ εἰς κε τέκμωρ Ἰλίου εὕρωμεν· σὺν γὰρ θεῷ εἰλήλουθμεν.
Lines 697–709
and now hast thou yet far more set him amid haughtinesses. But verily we will let him be; he may depart or he may tarry; hereafter will he fight when the heart in his breast shall bid him, and a god arouse him. But come, even as I shall bid, let us all obey. For this present go ye to your rest, when ye have satisfied your hearts with meat and wine, for therein is courage and strength; but so soon as fair, rosy-fingered Dawn appeareth, forthwith do thou array before the ships thy folk and thy chariots, and urge them on; and fight thou thyself amid the foremost.
Ἀτρεΐδη κύδιστε ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγάμεμνον μὴ ὄφελες λίσσεσθαι ἀμύμονα Πηλεΐωνα μυρία δῶρα διδούς· δʼ ἀγήνωρ ἐστὶ καὶ ἄλλως· νῦν αὖ μιν πολὺ μᾶλλον ἀγηνορίῃσιν ἐνῆκας. ἀλλʼ ἤτοι κεῖνον μὲν ἐάσομεν κεν ἴῃσιν κε μένῃ· τότε δʼ αὖτε μαχήσεται ὁππότε κέν μιν θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἀνώγῃ καὶ θεὸς ὄρσῃ. ἀλλʼ ἄγεθʼ ὡς ἂν ἐγὼ εἴπω πειθώμεθα πάντες· νῦν μὲν κοιμήσασθε τεταρπόμενοι φίλον ἦτορ σίτου καὶ οἴνοιο· τὸ γὰρ μένος ἐστὶ καὶ ἀλκή· αὐτὰρ ἐπεί κε φανῇ καλὴ ῥοδοδάκτυλος Ἠώς, καρπαλίμως πρὸ νεῶν ἐχέμεν λαόν τε καὶ ἵππους ὀτρύνων, καὶ δʼ αὐτὸς ἐνὶ πρώτοισι μάχεσθαι.
Lines 164–167
Are there not other sons of the Achaeans that be younger, who might then rouse each one of the kings, going everywhere throughout the host? But with thee, old sir, may no man deal.
σχέτλιός ἐσσι γεραιέ· σὺ μὲν πόνου οὔ ποτε λήγεις. οὔ νυ καὶ ἄλλοι ἔασι νεώτεροι υἷες Ἀχαιῶν οἵ κεν ἔπειτα ἕκαστον ἐγείρειαν βασιλήων πάντῃ ἐποιχόμενοι; σὺ δʼ ἀμήχανός ἐσσι γεραιέ.
Lines 220–226
Nestor, my heart and proud spirit urge me to enter the camp of the foemen that are near, even of the Trojans; howbeit if some other man were to follow with me, greater comfort would there be, and greater confidence. When two go together, one discerneth before the otherhow profit may be had; whereas if one alone perceive aught, yet is his wit the shorter, and but slender his device. So spake he, and many there were that were fain to follow Diomedes. Fain were the two Aiantes, squires of Ares, fain was Meriones, and right fain the son of Nestor, how profit may be had; whereas if one alone perceive aught, yet is his wit the shorter, and but slender his device.
Νέστορ ἔμʼ ὀτρύνει κραδίη καὶ θυμὸς ἀγήνωρ ἀνδρῶν δυσμενέων δῦναι στρατὸν ἐγγὺς ἐόντων Τρώων· ἀλλʼ εἴ τίς μοι ἀνὴρ ἅμʼ ἕποιτο καὶ ἄλλος μᾶλλον θαλπωρὴ καὶ θαρσαλεώτερον ἔσται. σύν τε δύʼ ἐρχομένω καί τε πρὸ τοῦ ἐνόησεν ὅππως κέρδος ἔῃ· μοῦνος δʼ εἴ πέρ τε νοήσῃ ἀλλά τέ οἱ βράσσων τε νόος, λεπτὴ δέ τε μῆτις.
Lines 242–247
in all manner of toils; and Pallas Athene loveth him. If he but follow with me, even out of blazing fire might we both return, for wise above all is he in understanding.
εἰ μὲν δὴ ἕταρόν γε κελεύετέ μʼ αὐτὸν ἑλέσθαι, πῶς ἂν ἔπειτʼ Ὀδυσῆος ἐγὼ θείοιο λαθοίμην, οὗ πέρι μὲν πρόφρων κραδίη καὶ θυμὸς ἀγήνωρ ἐν πάντεσσι πόνοισι, φιλεῖ δέ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη. τούτου γʼ ἑσπομένοιο καὶ ἐκ πυρὸς αἰθομένοιο ἄμφω νοστήσαιμεν, ἐπεὶ περίοιδε νοῆσαι.
Lattimore commentary
A sense of the Odyssey’s protagonist emerges from Diomedes’ reference to his steadfastness, intelligence, relation to Athene, and ability to come back from any danger (noted here with the same verb that describes Odysseus’ return in the tale of his voyages).
Lines 284–294
Follow now with me even as thou didst follow with my father, goodly Tydeus, into Thebes, what time he went forth as a messenger of the Achaeans. Them he left by the Asopus, the brazen-coated Achaeans, and he bare a gentle word thither to the Cadmeians; but as he journeyed back he devised deeds right terrible with thee, fair goddess, for with a ready heart thou stoodest by his side. Even so now of thine own will stand thou by my side, and guard me. And to thee in return will I sacrifice a sleek heifer, broad of brow, unbroken, which no man hath yet led beneath the yoke. Her will I sacrifice to thee and will overlay her horns with gold.
κέκλυθι νῦν καὶ ἐμεῖο Διὸς τέκος Ἀτρυτώνη· σπεῖό μοι ὡς ὅτε πατρὶ ἅμʼ ἕσπεο Τυδέϊ δίῳ ἐς Θήβας, ὅτε τε πρὸ Ἀχαιῶν ἄγγελος ᾔει. τοὺς δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπʼ Ἀσωπῷ λίπε χαλκοχίτωνας Ἀχαιούς, αὐτὰρ μειλίχιον μῦθον φέρε Καδμείοισι κεῖσʼ· ἀτὰρ ἂψ ἀπιὼν μάλα μέρμερα μήσατο ἔργα σὺν σοὶ δῖα θεά, ὅτε οἱ πρόφρασσα παρέστης. ὣς νῦν μοι ἐθέλουσα παρίσταο καί με φύλασσε. σοὶ δʼ αὖ ἐγὼ ῥέξω βοῦν ἦνιν εὐρυμέτωπον ἀδμήτην, ἣν οὔ πω ὑπὸ ζυγὸν ἤγαγεν ἀνήρ· τήν τοι ἐγὼ ῥέξω χρυσὸν κέρασιν περιχεύας.
Lattimore commentary
While Odysseus’ prayer to Athene (278) looks forward to the themes of the Odyssey, Diomedes once more recalls the topic of sonship and his father Tydeus’ role in another major epic event, the battle for Thebes (cf. 4.370).
Lines 370–371
Stand, or I shall reach thee with the spear, and I deem thou shalt not long escape sheer destruction at my hand.
ἠὲ μένʼ ἠέ σε δουρὶ κιχήσομαι, οὐδέ σέ φημι δηρὸν ἐμῆς ἀπὸ χειρὸς ἀλύξειν αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον.
Lines 317–319
ἤτοι ἐγὼ μενέω καὶ τλήσομαι· ἀλλὰ μίνυνθα ἡμέων ἔσσεται ἦδος, ἐπεὶ νεφεληγερέτα Ζεὺς Τρωσὶν δὴ βόλεται δοῦναι κράτος ἠέ περ ἡμῖν.
Lines 347–348
νῶϊν δὴ τόδε πῆμα κυλίνδεται ὄβριμος Ἕκτωρ· ἀλλʼ ἄγε δὴ στέωμεν καὶ ἀλεξώμεσθα μένοντες.
Lines 362–367
Verily I will yet make an end of thee when I meet thee hereafter, if so be any god is helper to me likewise. But now will I make after the rest, whomsoever I may light upon.
ἐξ αὖ νῦν ἔφυγες θάνατον κύον· τέ τοι ἄγχι ἦλθε κακόν· νῦν αὖτέ σʼ ἐρύσατο Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων μέλλεις εὔχεσθαι ἰὼν ἐς δοῦπον ἀκόντων. θήν σʼ ἐξανύω γε καὶ ὕστερον ἀντιβολήσας, εἴ πού τις καὶ ἔμοιγε θεῶν ἐπιτάρροθός ἐστι. νῦν αὖ τοὺς ἄλλους ἐπιείσομαι, ὅν κε κιχείω.
Lines 385–395
Bowman, reviler, proud of thy curling locks,509.1 thou ogler of girls! O that thou wouldst make trial of me man to man in armour, then would thy bow and thy swift-falling arrows help thee not; whereas now having but grazed the flat of my foot thou boastest vainly. I reck not thereof, any more than if a woman had struck me or a witless child,for blunt is the dart of one that is a weakling and a man of naught. Verily in other wise when sped by my hand, even though it do but touch, does the spear prove its edge, and forthwith layeth low its man; torn then with wailing are the two cheeks of his wife, and his children fatherless, while he, reddening the earth with his blood,rotteth away, more birds than women around him. So spake he, and to him did Odysseus, famed for his spear, draw nigh, and take his stand before him, and Diomedes sat down behind him, and drew forth the sharp arrow from his foot, and a sore pang shot through his flesh. Then leapt he upon his chariot and bade his charioteer for blunt is the dart of one that is a weakling and a man of naught. Verily in other wise when sped by my hand, even though it do but touch, does the spear prove its edge, and forthwith layeth low its man; torn then with wailing are the two cheeks of his wife, and his children fatherless, while he, reddening the earth with his blood, rotteth away, more birds than women around him.
τοξότα λωβητὴρ κέρᾳ ἀγλαὲ παρθενοπῖπα εἰ μὲν δὴ ἀντίβιον σὺν τεύχεσι πειρηθείης, οὐκ ἄν τοι χραίσμῃσι βιὸς καὶ ταρφέες ἰοί· νῦν δέ μʼ ἐπιγράψας ταρσὸν ποδὸς εὔχεαι αὔτως. οὐκ ἀλέγω, ὡς εἴ με γυνὴ βάλοι πάϊς ἄφρων· κωφὸν γὰρ βέλος ἀνδρὸς ἀνάλκιδος οὐτιδανοῖο. τʼ ἄλλως ὑπʼ ἐμεῖο, καὶ εἴ κʼ ὀλίγον περ ἐπαύρῃ, ὀξὺ βέλος πέλεται, καὶ ἀκήριον αἶψα τίθησι. τοῦ δὲ γυναικὸς μέν τʼ ἀμφίδρυφοί εἰσι παρειαί, παῖδες δʼ ὀρφανικοί· δέ θʼ αἵματι γαῖαν ἐρεύθων πύθεται, οἰωνοὶ δὲ περὶ πλέες ἠὲ γυναῖκες.
Lines 110–132
Near by is that man; not long shall we seek him, if so be ye are minded to give ear, and be no wise vexed and wroth, each one of you, for that in years I am the youngest among you. Nay, but of a goodly father do I too declare that I am come by lineage, even of Tydeus, whom in Thebe the heaped-up earth covereth.For to Portheus were born three peerless sons, and they dwelt in Pleuron and steep Calydon, even Agrius and Melas, and the third was the horseman Oeneus, that was father to my father, and in valour was pre-eminent among them. He verily abode there, but my father went wandering to Argos, and there was settled,for so I ween was the will of Zeus and the other gods. And he wedded one of the daughters of Adrastus, and dwelt in a house rich in substance, and abundance was his of wheat-bearing fields, and many orchards of trees round about, and withal many sheep; and with his spear he excelled all the Argives.Of these things it must be that ye have heard, whether I speak sooth. Wherefore ye shall not say that by lineage I am a coward and a weakling, and so despise my spoken counsel, whatsoever I may speak aright. Come, let us go down to the battle, wounded though we be, since needs we must. Thereafter will we hold ourselves aloof from the fight,beyond the range of missiles, lest haply any take wound on wound; but the others will we spur on and send into battle, even them that hitherto have done pleasure to their resentment, and that stand aloof and fight not. So spake he, and they readily hearkened to him and obeyed. So they set out to go, and the king of men, Agamemnon, led them. For to Portheus were born three peerless sons, and they dwelt in Pleuron and steep Calydon, even Agrius and Melas, and the third was the horseman Oeneus, that was father to my father, and in valour was pre-eminent among them. He verily abode there, but my father went wandering to Argos, and there was settled, for so I ween was the will of Zeus and the other gods. And he wedded one of the daughters of Adrastus, and dwelt in a house rich in substance, and abundance was his of wheat-bearing fields, and many orchards of trees round about, and withal many sheep; and with his spear he excelled all the Argives. Of these things it must be that ye have heard, whether I speak sooth. Wherefore ye shall not say that by lineage I am a coward and a weakling, and so despise my spoken counsel, whatsoever I may speak aright. Come, let us go down to the battle, wounded though we be, since needs we must. Thereafter will we hold ourselves aloof from the fight, beyond the range of missiles, lest haply any take wound on wound; but the others will we spur on and send into battle, even them that hitherto have done pleasure to their resentment, and that stand aloof and fight not.
ἐγγὺς ἀνήρ· οὐ δηθὰ ματεύσομεν· αἴ κʼ ἐθέλητε πείθεσθαι, καὶ μή τι κότῳ ἀγάσησθε ἕκαστος οὕνεκα δὴ γενεῆφι νεώτατός εἰμι μεθʼ ὑμῖν· πατρὸς δʼ ἐξ ἀγαθοῦ καὶ ἐγὼ γένος εὔχομαι εἶναι Τυδέος, ὃν Θήβῃσι χυτὴ κατὰ γαῖα καλύπτει. πορθεῖ γὰρ τρεῖς παῖδες ἀμύμονες ἐξεγένοντο, οἴκεον δʼ ἐν Πλευρῶνι καὶ αἰπεινῇ Καλυδῶνι Ἄγριος ἠδὲ Μέλας, τρίτατος δʼ ἦν ἱππότα Οἰνεὺς πατρὸς ἐμοῖο πατήρ· ἀρετῇ δʼ ἦν ἔξοχος αὐτῶν. ἀλλʼ μὲν αὐτόθι μεῖνε, πατὴρ δʼ ἐμὸς Ἄργεϊ νάσθη πλαγχθείς· ὡς γάρ που Ζεὺς ἤθελε καὶ θεοὶ ἄλλοι. Ἀδρήστοιο δʼ ἔγημε θυγατρῶν, ναῖε δὲ δῶμα ἀφνειὸν βιότοιο, ἅλις δέ οἱ ἦσαν ἄρουραι πυροφόροι, πολλοὶ δὲ φυτῶν ἔσαν ὄρχατοι ἀμφίς, πολλὰ δέ οἱ πρόβατʼ ἔσκε· κέκαστο δὲ πάντας Ἀχαιοὺς ἐγχείῃ· τὰ δὲ μέλλετʼ ἀκουέμεν, εἰ ἐτεόν περ. τὼ οὐκ ἄν με γένος γε κακὸν καὶ ἀνάλκιδα φάντες μῦθον ἀτιμήσαιτε πεφασμένον ὅν κʼ ἐῢ εἴπω. δεῦτʼ ἴομεν πόλεμον δὲ καὶ οὐτάμενοί περ ἀνάγκῃ. ἔνθα δʼ ἔπειτʼ αὐτοὶ μὲν ἐχώμεθα δηϊοτῆτος ἐκ βελέων, μή πού τις ἐφʼ ἕλκεϊ ἕλκος ἄρηται· ἄλλους δʼ ὀτρύνοντες ἐνήσομεν, οἳ τὸ πάρος περ θυμῷ ἦρα φέροντες ἀφεστᾶσʼ οὐδὲ μάχονται.
Lattimore commentary
Diomedes’ growth as warrior and speaker is given yet another nod. As usual, the theme of his father’s exploits arises. We learn yet more detail: that Tydeus is buried at Thebes and had once moved from Aitolia to Argos. The men who “favored their anger” are probably the Myrmidons. The subsequent swipe at Achilleus by the disguised Poseidon (141) is meant to keep in view the overarching problem that has brought the Greeks to this crisis.