Seba.Health

Andromache

Mortal · 4 speeches

Psychological Vocabulary

All Speeches (4)

Lines 407–439
all set upon thee and slay thee. But for me it were better to go down to the grave if I lose thee, for nevermore shall any comfort be mine, when thou hast met thy fate, but only woes. Neither father have I nor queenly mother. for utterly laid he waste the well-peopled city of the Cilicians, even Thebe of lofty gates. He slew Eëtion, yet he despoiled him not, for his soul had awe of that; but he burnt him in his armour, richly dight, and heaped over him a barrow; and all about were elm-trees planted by nymphs of the mountain, daughters of Zeus that beareth the aegis. And the seven brothers that were mine in our halls, all these on the selfsame day entered into the house of Hades, for all were slain of swift-footed, goodly Achilles, amid their kine of shambling gait and their white-fleeced sheep. And my mother, that was queen beneath wooded Placus, her brought he hither with the rest of the spoil, but thereafter set her free, when he had taken ransom past counting; and in her father's halls Artemis the archer slew her. Nay, Hector, thou art to me father and queenly mother, thou art brother, and thou art my stalwart husband. Come now, have pity, and remain here on the wall, lest thou make thy child an orphan and thy wife a widow. And for thy host, stay it by the wild fig-tree, where the city may best be scaled, and the wall is open to assault. For thrice at this point came the most valiant in company with the twain Aiantes and glorious Idomeneus and the sons of Atreus and the valiant son of Tydeus, and made essay to enter: whether it be that one well-skilled in soothsaying told them, or haply their own spirit urgeth and biddeth them thereto.
δαιμόνιε φθίσει σε τὸ σὸν μένος, οὐδʼ ἐλεαίρεις παῖδά τε νηπίαχον καὶ ἔμʼ ἄμμορον, τάχα χήρη σεῦ ἔσομαι· τάχα γάρ σε κατακτανέουσιν Ἀχαιοὶ πάντες ἐφορμηθέντες· ἐμοὶ δέ κε κέρδιον εἴη σεῦ ἀφαμαρτούσῃ χθόνα δύμεναι· οὐ γὰρ ἔτʼ ἄλλη ἔσται θαλπωρὴ ἐπεὶ ἂν σύ γε πότμον ἐπίσπῃς ἀλλʼ ἄχεʼ· οὐδέ μοι ἔστι πατὴρ καὶ πότνια μήτηρ. ἤτοι γὰρ πατέρʼ ἁμὸν ἀπέκτανε δῖος Ἀχιλλεύς, ἐκ δὲ πόλιν πέρσεν Κιλίκων εὖ ναιετάουσαν Θήβην ὑψίπυλον· κατὰ δʼ ἔκτανεν Ἠετίωνα, οὐδέ μιν ἐξενάριξε, σεβάσσατο γὰρ τό γε θυμῷ, ἀλλʼ ἄρα μιν κατέκηε σὺν ἔντεσι δαιδαλέοισιν ἠδʼ ἐπὶ σῆμʼ ἔχεεν· περὶ δὲ πτελέας ἐφύτευσαν νύμφαι ὀρεστιάδες κοῦραι Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο. οἳ δέ μοι ἑπτὰ κασίγνητοι ἔσαν ἐν μεγάροισιν οἳ μὲν πάντες ἰῷ κίον ἤματι Ἄϊδος εἴσω· πάντας γὰρ κατέπεφνε ποδάρκης δῖος Ἀχιλλεὺς βουσὶν ἐπʼ εἰλιπόδεσσι καὶ ἀργεννῇς ὀΐεσσι. μητέρα δʼ, βασίλευεν ὑπὸ Πλάκῳ ὑληέσσῃ, τὴν ἐπεὶ ἂρ δεῦρʼ ἤγαγʼ ἅμʼ ἄλλοισι κτεάτεσσιν, ἂψ γε τὴν ἀπέλυσε λαβὼν ἀπερείσιʼ ἄποινα, πατρὸς δʼ ἐν μεγάροισι βάλʼ Ἄρτεμις ἰοχέαιρα. Ἕκτορ ἀτὰρ σύ μοί ἐσσι πατὴρ καὶ πότνια μήτηρ ἠδὲ κασίγνητος, σὺ δέ μοι θαλερὸς παρακοίτης· ἀλλʼ ἄγε νῦν ἐλέαιρε καὶ αὐτοῦ μίμνʼ ἐπὶ πύργῳ, μὴ παῖδʼ ὀρφανικὸν θήῃς χήρην τε γυναῖκα· λαὸν δὲ στῆσον παρʼ ἐρινεόν, ἔνθα μάλιστα ἀμβατός ἐστι πόλις καὶ ἐπίδρομον ἔπλετο τεῖχος. τρὶς γὰρ τῇ γʼ ἐλθόντες ἐπειρήσανθʼ οἱ ἄριστοι ἀμφʼ Αἴαντε δύω καὶ ἀγακλυτὸν Ἰδομενῆα ἠδʼ ἀμφʼ Ἀτρεΐδας καὶ Τυδέος ἄλκιμον υἱόν· πού τίς σφιν ἔνισπε θεοπροπίων ἐῢ εἰδώς, νυ καὶ αὐτῶν θυμὸς ἐποτρύνει καὶ ἀνώγει.
Lattimore commentary
Ironically, this sack of Thebes led to the capture of Chryseis (1.369), whose return home has indirectly triggered Achilleus’ angry withdrawal, which in turn will ultimately result in Hektor’s death. Although one might expect Andromachē to press her husband to take vengeance for her family’s extinction, she instead worries about preserving his life, as he is her last hope. Tradition held that the Trojan wall was scalable in one vulnerable spot and would be breached by off spring of Aiakos (grandfather of both Achilleus and Telamonian Aias), who had assisted Poseidon and Apollo in building it (Pindar, Olympian, 8.30–45 460 BC). The fig tree (433; like the oak tree, 5.693) is one of several landscape features used to orient the action near Troy (see also 11.167, 22.145).
Lines 450–459
Come hither two of you, and follow me, let me see what deeds have been wrought. It was the voice of my husband's honoured mother that I heard, and in mine own breast my heart leapeth to my mouth, and beneath me my knees are numbed; verily hard at hand is some evil thing for the children of Priam. Far from my ear be the word,but sorely am I afraid lest to my sorrow goodly Achilles may have cut off from the city bold Hector by himself alone, and have driven him to the plain, aye, and have by now made him to cease from the baneful valour that possessed him; seeing he would never abide in the throng of men, but would ever charge far to the front, yielding to no man in his might. but sorely am I afraid lest to my sorrow goodly Achilles may have cut off from the city bold Hector by himself alone, and have driven him to the plain, aye, and have by now made him to cease from the baneful valour that possessed him; seeing he would never abide in the throng of men, but would ever charge far to the front, yielding to no man in his might.
δεῦτε δύω μοι ἕπεσθον, ἴδωμʼ ὅτινʼ ἔργα τέτυκται. αἰδοίης ἑκυρῆς ὀπὸς ἔκλυον, ἐν δʼ ἐμοὶ αὐτῇ στήθεσι πάλλεται ἦτορ ἀνὰ στόμα, νέρθε δὲ γοῦνα πήγνυται· ἐγγὺς δή τι κακὸν Πριάμοιο τέκεσσιν. αἲ γὰρ ἀπʼ οὔατος εἴη ἐμεῦ ἔπος· ἀλλὰ μάλʼ αἰνῶς δείδω μὴ δή μοι θρασὺν Ἕκτορα δῖος Ἀχιλλεὺς μοῦνον ἀποτμήξας πόλιος πεδίον δὲ δίηται, καὶ δή μιν καταπαύσῃ ἀγηνορίης ἀλεγεινῆς μιν ἔχεσκʼ, ἐπεὶ οὔ ποτʼ ἐνὶ πληθυῖ μένεν ἀνδρῶν, ἀλλὰ πολὺ προθέεσκε, τὸ ὃν μένος οὐδενὶ εἴκων.
Lines 477–514
in the house of Eetion, who reared me when I was a babe, hapless father of a cruel-fated child; would God he had never begotten me. Now thou unto the house of Hades beneath the deeps of earth art departing, but me thou leavest in bitter grief, a widow in thy halls, and thy son is still a mere babe, the son born of thee and me in our haplessness; nor shalt thou be any profit to him, Hector, seeing thou art dead, neither he to thee. For even though he escape the woeful war of the Achaeans, yet shall his portion be labour and sorrow in the aftertime, for others will take away his lands. The day of orphanhood cutteth a child off from the friends of his youth; ever is his head bowed how, and his cheeks are bathed in tears, and in his need the child hieth him to his father's friends, plucking one by the cloak and another by the tunic; and of them that are touched with pity, one holdeth forth his cup for a moment: his hips he wetteth, but his palate he wetteth not. And one whose father and mother yet live thrusteth him from the feast with smiting of the hand, and chideth him with words of reviling:‘Get thee gone, even as thou art! No father of thine feasteth in our company.’ Then in tears unto his widowed mother cometh back the child— Astyanax, that aforetime on his father's knees ate only marrow and the rich fat of sheep; and when sleep came upon him and he ceased from his childish play, then would he slumber on a couch in the arms of his nurse in his soft bed, his heart satisfied with good things. But now, seeing he has lost his dear father, he will suffer ills full many—my Astyanax, whom the Troians call by this name for that thou alone didst save their gates and their high walls. But now by the beaked ships far from thy parents shall writhing worms devour thee, when the dogs have had their fill, as thou liest a naked corpse; yet in thy halls lieth raiment, finely-woven and fair, wrought by the hands of women. Howbeit all these things will I verily burn in blazing fire—in no wise a profit unto thee, seeing thou shalt not lie therein, but to be an honour unto thee from the men and women of Troy.
Ἕκτορ ἐγὼ δύστηνος· ἰῇ ἄρα γεινόμεθʼ αἴσῃ ἀμφότεροι, σὺ μὲν ἐν Τροίῃ Πριάμου κατὰ δῶμα, αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ Θήβῃσιν ὑπὸ Πλάκῳ ὑληέσσῃ ἐν δόμῳ Ἠετίωνος, μʼ ἔτρεφε τυτθὸν ἐοῦσαν δύσμορος αἰνόμορον· ὡς μὴ ὤφελλε τεκέσθαι. νῦν δὲ σὺ μὲν Ἀΐδαο δόμους ὑπὸ κεύθεσι γαίης ἔρχεαι, αὐτὰρ ἐμὲ στυγερῷ ἐνὶ πένθεϊ λείπεις χήρην ἐν μεγάροισι· πάϊς δʼ ἔτι νήπιος αὔτως, ὃν τέκομεν σύ τʼ ἐγώ τε δυσάμμοροι· οὔτε σὺ τούτῳ ἔσσεαι Ἕκτορ ὄνειαρ ἐπεὶ θάνες, οὔτε σοὶ οὗτος. ἤν περ γὰρ πόλεμόν γε φύγῃ πολύδακρυν Ἀχαιῶν, αἰεί τοι τούτῳ γε πόνος καὶ κήδεʼ ὀπίσσω ἔσσοντʼ· ἄλλοι γάρ οἱ ἀπουρίσσουσιν ἀρούρας. ἦμαρ δʼ ὀρφανικὸν παναφήλικα παῖδα τίθησι· πάντα δʼ ὑπεμνήμυκε, δεδάκρυνται δὲ παρειαί, δευόμενος δέ τʼ ἄνεισι πάϊς ἐς πατρὸς ἑταίρους, ἄλλον μὲν χλαίνης ἐρύων, ἄλλον δὲ χιτῶνος· τῶν δʼ ἐλεησάντων κοτύλην τις τυτθὸν ἐπέσχε· χείλεα μέν τʼ ἐδίηνʼ, ὑπερῴην δʼ οὐκ ἐδίηνε. τὸν δὲ καὶ ἀμφιθαλὴς ἐκ δαιτύος ἐστυφέλιξε χερσὶν πεπλήγων καὶ ὀνειδείοισιν ἐνίσσων· ἔρρʼ οὕτως· οὐ σός γε πατὴρ μεταδαίνυται ἡμῖν. δακρυόεις δέ τʼ ἄνεισι πάϊς ἐς μητέρα χήρην Ἀστυάναξ, ὃς πρὶν μὲν ἑοῦ ἐπὶ γούνασι πατρὸς μυελὸν οἶον ἔδεσκε καὶ οἰῶν πίονα δημόν· αὐτὰρ ὅθʼ ὕπνος ἕλοι, παύσαιτό τε νηπιαχεύων, εὕδεσκʼ ἐν λέκτροισιν ἐν ἀγκαλίδεσσι τιθήνης εὐνῇ ἔνι μαλακῇ θαλέων ἐμπλησάμενος κῆρ· νῦν δʼ ἂν πολλὰ πάθῃσι φίλου ἀπὸ πατρὸς ἁμαρτὼν Ἀστυάναξ, ὃν Τρῶες ἐπίκλησιν καλέουσιν· οἶος γάρ σφιν ἔρυσο πύλας καὶ τείχεα μακρά. νῦν δὲ σὲ μὲν παρὰ νηυσὶ κορωνίσι νόσφι τοκήων αἰόλαι εὐλαὶ ἔδονται, ἐπεί κε κύνες κορέσωνται γυμνόν· ἀτάρ τοι εἵματʼ ἐνὶ μεγάροισι κέονται λεπτά τε καὶ χαρίεντα τετυγμένα χερσὶ γυναικῶν. ἀλλʼ ἤτοι τάδε πάντα καταφλέξω πυρὶ κηλέῳ οὐδὲν σοί γʼ ὄφελος, ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἐγκείσεαι αὐτοῖς, ἀλλὰ πρὸς Τρώων καὶ Τρωϊάδων κλέος εἶναι.
Lattimore commentary
The focus on the experiences of Hektor’s son brings down to human scale the disaster about to befall the entire city. Knowledge that Astyanax will be killed by the victorious Greeks makes all the more pitiful Andromachē’s words imagining her son’s fatherless future.
Lines 725–745
Husband, perished from out of life art thou, yet in thy youth, and leavest me a widow in thy halls; and thy son is still but a babe, the son born of thee and me in our haplessness; neither do I deem that he will come to manhood, for ere that shall this city be wasted utterly. For thou hast perished that didst watch thereover,thou that didst guard it, and keep safe its noble wives and little children. These, I ween, shall soon be riding upon the hollow ships, and I among them; and thou, my child, shalt follow with me to a place where thou shalt labour at unseemly tasks, toiling before the face of some ungentle master, or else some Achaean shall seize thee by the armand hurl thee from the wall, a woeful death, being wroth for that Hector slew his brother haply, or his father, or his son, seeing that full many Achaeans at the hands of Hector have bitten the vast earth with their teeth; for nowise gentle was thy father in woeful war.Therefore the folk wail for him throughout the city, and grief unspeakable and sorrow hast thou brought upon thy parents, Hector; and for me beyond all others shall grievous woes be left. For at thy death thou didst neither stretch out thy hands to me from thy bed, nor speak to me any word of wisdom whereonI might have pondered night and day with shedding of tears. thou that didst guard it, and keep safe its noble wives and little children. These, I ween, shall soon be riding upon the hollow ships, and I among them; and thou, my child, shalt follow with me to a place where thou shalt labour at unseemly tasks, toiling before the face of some ungentle master, or else some Achaean shall seize thee by the arm and hurl thee from the wall, a woeful death, being wroth for that Hector slew his brother haply, or his father, or his son, seeing that full many Achaeans at the hands of Hector have bitten the vast earth with their teeth; for nowise gentle was thy father in woeful war. Therefore the folk wail for him throughout the city, and grief unspeakable and sorrow hast thou brought upon thy parents, Hector; and for me beyond all others shall grievous woes be left. For at thy death thou didst neither stretch out thy hands to me from thy bed, nor speak to me any word of wisdom whereon I might have pondered night and day with shedding of tears.
ἆνερ ἀπʼ αἰῶνος νέος ὤλεο, κὰδ δέ με χήρην λείπεις ἐν μεγάροισι· πάϊς δʼ ἔτι νήπιος αὔτως ὃν τέκομεν σύ τʼ ἐγώ τε δυσάμμοροι, οὐδέ μιν οἴω ἥβην ἵξεσθαι· πρὶν γὰρ πόλις ἥδε κατʼ ἄκρης πέρσεται· γὰρ ὄλωλας ἐπίσκοπος, ὅς τέ μιν αὐτὴν ῥύσκευ, ἔχες δʼ ἀλόχους κεδνὰς καὶ νήπια τέκνα, αἳ δή τοι τάχα νηυσὶν ὀχήσονται γλαφυρῇσι, καὶ μὲν ἐγὼ μετὰ τῇσι· σὺ δʼ αὖ τέκος ἐμοὶ αὐτῇ ἕψεαι, ἔνθά κεν ἔργα ἀεικέα ἐργάζοιο ἀθλεύων πρὸ ἄνακτος ἀμειλίχου, τις Ἀχαιῶν ῥίψει χειρὸς ἑλὼν ἀπὸ πύργου λυγρὸν ὄλεθρον χωόμενος, δή που ἀδελφεὸν ἔκτανεν Ἕκτωρ πατέρʼ ἠὲ καὶ υἱόν, ἐπεὶ μάλα πολλοὶ Ἀχαιῶν Ἕκτορος ἐν παλάμῃσιν ὀδὰξ ἕλον ἄσπετον οὖδας. οὐ γὰρ μείλιχος ἔσκε πατὴρ τεὸς ἐν δαῒ λυγρῇ· τὼ καί μιν λαοὶ μὲν ὀδύρονται κατὰ ἄστυ, ἀρητὸν δὲ τοκεῦσι γόον καὶ πένθος ἔθηκας Ἕκτορ· ἐμοὶ δὲ μάλιστα λελείψεται ἄλγεα λυγρά. οὐ γάρ μοι θνῄσκων λεχέων ἐκ χεῖρας ὄρεξας, οὐδέ τί μοι εἶπες πυκινὸν ἔπος, οὗ τέ κεν αἰεὶ μεμνῄμην νύκτάς τε καὶ ἤματα δάκρυ χέουσα.
Lattimore commentary
For the fist time, Andromachē envisions the possibility that her son Astyanax will be killed at Troy, as finally happens.