Seba.Health

The Iliad 3.97–110

The Iliad 3.97–110
because of my quarrel and Alexander's beginning thereof.1 And for whichsoever of us twain death and fate are appointed, let him lie dead; but be ye others parted with all speed. Bring ye two lambs, a white ram and a black ewe, for Earth and Sun, and for Zeus we will bring another; and fetch ye hither the mighty Priam, that he may himself swear an oath with sacrifice, seeing that his sons are over-weening and faithless; lest any by presumptuous act should do violence to the oaths of Zeus. Ever unstable are the hearts of the young; but in whatsoever an old man taketh part, he looketh both before and after, that the issue may be far the best for either side.
κέκλυτε νῦν καὶ ἐμεῖο· μάλιστα γὰρ ἄλγος ἱκάνει θυμὸν ἐμόν, φρονέω δὲ διακρινθήμεναι ἤδη Ἀργείους καὶ Τρῶας, ἐπεὶ κακὰ πολλὰ πέπασθε εἵνεκʼ ἐμῆς ἔριδος καὶ Ἀλεξάνδρου ἕνεκʼ ἀρχῆς· ἡμέων δʼ ὁπποτέρῳ θάνατος καὶ μοῖρα τέτυκται τεθναίη· ἄλλοι δὲ διακρινθεῖτε τάχιστα. οἴσετε ἄρνʼ, ἕτερον λευκόν, ἑτέρην δὲ μέλαιναν, Γῇ τε καὶ Ἠελίῳ· Διὶ δʼ ἡμεῖς οἴσομεν ἄλλον· ἄξετε δὲ Πριάμοιο βίην, ὄφρʼ ὅρκια τάμνῃ αὐτός, ἐπεί οἱ παῖδες ὑπερφίαλοι καὶ ἄπιστοι, μή τις ὑπερβασίῃ Διὸς ὅρκια δηλήσηται. αἰεὶ δʼ ὁπλοτέρων ἀνδρῶν φρένες ἠερέθονται· οἷς δʼ γέρων μετέῃσιν ἅμα πρόσσω καὶ ὀπίσσω λεύσσει, ὅπως ὄχʼ ἄριστα μετʼ ἀμφοτέροισι γένηται.
Lattimore commentary
The black lamb is for Earth, the white for Sun, in accordance with Greek ideas of offerings appropriate for chthonic (earthbound) versus Olympian deities. Zeus fits as the expected additional recipient, since he was overseer of offenses related to hospitality (such as the behavior of Paris).
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