The Iliad 10.254–268

To Tydeus' son Thrasymedes, staunch in fight, gave a two-edged sword—for his own was left by his ship—and a shield, and about his head he set a helm of bull's hide without horn and without crest, a helm that is called a skull-cap, and that guards the heads of lusty youths. And Meriones gave to Odysseus a bow and a quiver and a sword, and about his head he set a helm wrought of hide, and with many a tight-stretched thong was it made stiff within, while without the white teeth of a boar of gleaming tusks were set thick on this side and that, well and cunningly, and within was fixed a lining of felt. This cap Autolycus on a time stole out of Eleon when he had broken into the stout-built house of Amyntor, son of Ormenus; and he gave it to Amphidamas of Cythem to take to Scandeia, and Amphidamas gave it to Molus as a guest-gift,

ὣς εἰπόνθʼ ὅπλοισιν ἔνι δεινοῖσιν ἐδύτην. Τυδεΐδῃ μὲν δῶκε μενεπτόλεμος Θρασυμήδης φάσγανον ἄμφηκες· τὸ δʼ ἑὸν παρὰ νηῒ λέλειπτο· καὶ σάκος· ἀμφὶ δέ οἱ κυνέην κεφαλῆφιν ἔθηκε ταυρείην, ἄφαλόν τε καὶ ἄλλοφον, ἥ τε καταῖτυξ κέκληται, ῥύεται δὲ κάρη θαλερῶν αἰζηῶν. Μηριόνης δʼ Ὀδυσῆϊ δίδου βιὸν ἠδὲ φαρέτρην καὶ ξίφος, ἀμφὶ δέ οἱ κυνέην κεφαλῆφιν ἔθηκε ῥινοῦ ποιητήν· πολέσιν δʼ ἔντοσθεν ἱμᾶσιν ἐντέτατο στερεῶς· ἔκτοσθε δὲ λευκοὶ ὀδόντες ἀργιόδοντος ὑὸς θαμέες ἔχον ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα εὖ καὶ ἐπισταμένως· μέσσῃ δʼ ἐνὶ πῖλος ἀρήρει. τήν ῥά ποτʼ ἐξ Ἐλεῶνος Ἀμύντορος Ὀρμενίδαο ἐξέλετʼ Αὐτόλυκος πυκινὸν δόμον ἀντιτορήσας, Σκάνδειαν δʼ ἄρα δῶκε Κυθηρίῳ Ἀμφιδάμαντι·

Lattimore commentary

The formality and detail with which this giving of arms is described make it sound like a ritual. The importance is underlined by the antiquity of the objects described: the boar’s-tooth helmet (dating to 1600–1200 BC) must have been a precious heirloom by the time of the poem’s composition (if it was not simply a memory). The reference to Odysseus’ thievish grandfather Autolykos reminds the audience of the hero’s own shiftier side.

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