# John Bowlby

British psychiatrist who pioneered attachment theory, emphasizing actual maternal relationships over fantasy in child development.

**Lived:** 1907–1990 (b. London)
**Nationality:** British
**Training:** Psychoanalytic training under Melanie Klein; medical training at Trinity College, Cambridge
**Affiliation:** British psychiatry and psychoanalysis; attachment theory

## Key works

- *Attachment and Loss, Volume I: Attachment* (1969)
- *Separation: Anxiety and Anger* (1973)
- *Loss: Sadness and Depression (Attachment and Loss, Volume III)* (1980)
- *A Secure Base: Clinical Applications of Attachment Theory* (1988)