# Alfred Adler

Austrian psychiatrist who founded Individual Psychology emphasizing social interest, inferiority feelings, and family dynamics over Freudian sexual determinism.

**Lived:** 1870–1937 (b. Vienna, Austria)
**Nationality:** Austrian
**Training:** Medical doctor, ophthalmologist, neurology and psychiatry; University of Vienna (graduated 1895)
**Affiliation:** Founder of Individual Psychology; member of Freud's Wednesday Society psychoanalytic circle; president of Vienna Psychoanalytic Society (1910)

## Key works

- *The Neurotic Character* (1907)
- *The Practice and Theory of Individual Psychology* (1924)
- *Understanding Human Nature* (1927)
- *The Pattern of Life* (1930)
- *What Life Could Mean to You* (1931)
- *Social Interest: A Challenge to Mankind* (1938)